我国欠发达地区人才回归的策略研究

【作者】 黄莉苹；

【导师】 方勤敏；

【作者基本信息】 中南林学院 ， 农林经济管理， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 近十多年以来，中国的社会经济保持持续、快速、健康的发展，人民的生活水平得到了普遍的提高，所以以胡锦涛同志为核心的新领导集体上任伊始，便根据我国国情，在小平同志的“让一部分人先富起来”的政策基础上，提出了中国未来20年中实现全面小康的战略目标。然而由于社会、经济、自然和历史等诸多因素，中国经济发展的地区不平衡引起的“马太效应”继续扩大，我国欠发达地区实现小康目标客观上仍有很多困难，进而导致我国未来全面建设小康的伟业面临挑战，国家和民族的发展与稳定面临考验。21世纪是知识经济的时代，人才、知识和智力成为社会发展的第一资源。我国欠发达地区要实现小康，必须顺应时代发展的需要，首要还是从人才资源入手。然而，面对当前国内外激烈的人才竞争，欠发达地区人才流出远远大于人才流入，这也使得穷的更穷，富的更富。尽管有不少学者开始关注欠发达地区人才的流动与地区经济发展的逆差现象，但对欠发达地区人才回归的相关研究与国家相关政策关注很少，研究内容与成果缺乏系统性，尤其是相关理论研究非常薄弱。本文运用人力资源开发相关理论、经济学、心理学与行为科学等相关理论，运用定性与定量研究结合，理论分析和实证研究结合的方法对制约我国欠发达地区人才回归的因素进行系统分析，探讨了欠发达地区人才回归的基础理论和实践问题。人才回归的实质是在地域空间上推进人才的合理回流，带动地域经济要素良性互动，驱使区域经济整体发展。为了对我国欠发达地区人才回归进行系统有效的研究，论文从研究综述、理论探讨和实证研究三部分进行系统分析。(1)研究综述首先对人口流动的历史演进及其社会影响进行探讨，进而对国内外关于人才流动的研究现状与成果进行整理分析，然后从人才流动与区域经济发展“马太效应”关系出发对我国欠发达地区人才回归的突破点进行分析，提出论文的研究意义、相关研究的薄弱环节和不足，以及作者拟研究的方向与重点。(2)在论文的正文部分，首先是对论文研究的理论基础进行介绍，然后对影响人才回归的内外在因素进行分析，重点对制约我国欠发达地区人才回归的自然环境、经济环境、科技教育环境、创业环境、制度环境和观念环境等进行了详细分析，在此基础上提出了我国欠发达地区人才回归的策略，即构建人才回归的启动、耦动和制动的动力机制；建设欠发达地区发展的人才回归平台；欠发达地区人才回归的引导；以及人才回归新策略——人才共享。(3)本文最后的实证研究部分以国家特困县——湖南湘西古丈县为例，理论与实践结合，进行了推动古丈县人才回归的探讨与研究。在对古丈县基本县情与人才回归环境进行分析，对古丈县当前人才流动的现状特征及当前急需人才类型进行分析与探讨的基础上，提出了加强城乡产业结构调整，提高区域经济实力，改善人才回归经济环境；加强教育与培训，提高人口素质，营造良好的人才回归观念环境；确实加强人才市场建设，重视古丈县本土人才资源的开发；成立古丈县人才精英联合会，借西部大开发的东风，依托重大项目吸引人才；政府调配与实现人才共享等策略与措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Chinese have realized comfortably-off life roughly. The strategic objective to realize comfortably-off life overall has been put forward. Regional economic development of China was imbalance, which make it very difficult to realize the comfortably-off life at underdeveloped area. Knowledge , intelligence and talents are the most important resources in the new era. To underdeveloped area, it’s the first choice to starting with tapping intellectual resources. However, facing the fierce competition on talents at home and abroad, the talents at underdeveloped area were outflowing. Some scholars start pay attention to the talents flowing of underdeveloped area. Some profound concernings scatter in various magazines. But the research about the talents returning of underdeveloped area is very limited, and the result of research has no character of system or comprehensive. Especially the research is lacking in the theory. Based on the theories such as human resource development theory, economic theory, psychology and behaviour theory, this article make good use of finding reasons and authentic proof to find the main restricted factors on talents returning of underdeveloped area, then discuss the basic theory and practices. The essence of talents returning is talents flowing. Firstly, this article analyzed the concept, characteristics, foundation theories and other important pointes about population flowing and talents flowing which stated by domestic and international scholar in the overview part. Then this text analyzed the necessity and possibility of talents returning of underdeveloped area. The author also gave a foresight and the breakthrough point for the deeply study of talents returning of underdeveloped area. In the main body of this article, the author make a study about definition, then based on the theories such as human resource development theory, economic theory, psychology and behaviour theory, this article makes a systems analysis about internal and external causes which affect the talents returning. A detailed analysis is emphasized on finding the main restricted factors on talents returning of underdeveloped area such as natural environment, economic environment, scientific and technological environment, doing pioneering work’s environment, the system environment and thought environment etc. Then the writer give some countermeasures: constructing motive mechanism, constructing the movable platform which be benefit to talents returning, and strengthen the guide on talents returning of underdeveloped area. Sharing the talents with others is a new tactics that the author put forward especially. Finally, the writer selects Guzhang County as a study case example. Guzhang County located west Hunan province. It’s a typical undeveloped county. Bases on the analyzing basic condition of Guzhang County and the environment of talents returning, the author makes some suggestions. The author trys to prove the theories of talents returning of underdeveloped area stated before.更多还原