【作者】 覃闯泉；

【导师】 戴秋莲； 徐西鹏；

【作者基本信息】 华侨大学 ， 机械制造及其自动化， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国经济的发展和人民生活水平的提高，室内外装饰趋于高档豪华，高档石材的需求量每年都大幅度递增，提高石材精细磨抛后的表面光泽度是提升石材档次的关键。 本文在国内外关于石材表面光泽面形成机理研究的基础上，结合陶瓷和玻璃精密加工技术研究进展，通过游离磨料研磨抛光、ELID磨削这两种加工条件截然不同的精密加工方法获取高质量的石材加工表面，并采用多种检测手段跟踪石材磨抛过程中表面特征的变化，结合石材的性质研究其表面光泽度的形成及其与加工表面微观不平度的依赖关系。本文共分六章，第一章介绍了石材的一些基本性质，并对国内外的石材磨抛机理研究现状做了综合评述；第二章至第六章是本论文研究的主要内容，论述了本文所采用的试验方法及加工过程中石材的微观形貌及其光泽度的关系。本文的主要成果有以下几个方面： 1．石材的表面粗糙度很分散，在不同的位置表面粗糙度值相差达3-4倍。显微形貌观察结果表明，石材抛光后表面存在凹坑、裂纹、晶界裂隙、晶粒脱落等缺陷，这些缺陷是导致石材表面粗糙度分散的原因。 2．表面光泽度的高低依赖于其粗糙度的大小。随着表面粗糙度的降低，表面光泽度上升，只有表面粗糙度降低到一定程度以后，石材表面的表面光泽度才会急剧增加。但当表面粗糙度值比较低的时候，表面光泽度的增加是很小的。 3．石材表面光泽度的高低还与材料本身缺陷和表面残留凹坑密切相关。跟踪抛光过程中石材表面形貌变化发现，这些凹坑一部分是石材本身所固有的，另一部分则是粗磨时造成的凹坑在抛光时无法消除而遗留下来。 4．在考虑材料本身缺陷和表面残留凹坑对表面光泽度影响的基础上，提出了零缺陷光泽度的概念。这一定义有助于定量评价加工缺陷对表面光泽度的影响，可用于预测实际磨抛石材所能达到的最高光泽度。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of economy and the improvement of people’s living standards in our country, the interior and exterior decoration tends to be high-grade and luxurious, and the requirement for high-grade stone productions increases widely every year. Therefore, to improve the surface glossiness after fine grinding and polishing is the key to enhance the grade of stone productions.Based on the researches at home and abroad on the forming mechanism of the gloss surface of stones, and combined with the research development on machining technologies of ceramics and glasses, in this thesis two methods, loose abrasive polishing and ELID lap grinding, are applied for stones to achieve high-quality surface, and keep trace of transformation of the surface morphologies by multi-kinds of test technique. Ultimately the formation of surface glossiness and its dependence on surface micro-irregularity are researched by combining with the characteristics of stones. This thesis is separated into six chapters. Some basic characteristics of stones are introduced and current researches at home and abroad on the grinding and polishing mechanism of stones are summarized in chapter one; and the relationship between the micro-appearance and the surface glossiness after polishing is discussed from chapter two to chapter six, which is the main content for this thesis.The main achievements of this thesis are summarized as follows:1. The surface roughness of stone is very discrete, whose value in a place is 3-4 times as large as that in other places. After observation of the stone micro-appearance after polishing, it is found that some flaws, such as craters, cracks, crystal boundaries and pull-out pits, exist on the stone surface which result in the discreteness of surface roughness2. It is found that the degree of surface glossiness depends on that of roughness. The surface glossiness increases with the decrease of surface roughness. Only when the surface roughness decreases to a certain degree, the surface glossiness increases sharply; while the glossiness increases very little when the roughness is much lower.3. The degree of glossiness of stones is also related with material inherent flaws and the remained craters on stone surface. After tracing the changes of surface morphologies of stones, it is found that some of these craters on stone surface are inherent, and others formed in the former coarse grinding are inherited from some craters that can not be removed by polishing.4. On the basis of considering the influences on surface glossiness of material inherent limitations and the remained craters, a new conception------"zero-limitation glossiness" isproposed in this thesis, which provides a reference for evaluating quantitatively the influences on surface glossiness of machining deficiencies and for forecasting the highest glossiness in practical stone machining.更多还原