【作者】 许宏洲；

【导师】 王全凤；

【作者基本信息】 华侨大学 ， 结构工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 基础隔震是一种目前在建筑结构减震方面很好的方法，它通过软弱隔震层的大变形来减少地震地面运动对上部结构的影响，减少建筑结构地震反应加速度和层间剪力，从根本上减少地震对人身安全、建筑物及其室内重要设备的破坏。 本论文在广泛调研国内外隔震结构研究成果的基础上，从基础隔震结构的动力时程分析出发，采用随机有限元法，计算隔震结构在某一地震波作用下位移、速度、加速度反应的均值、方差。假设其反应的分布，计算出结构的承载力时程可靠度。并与传统的非隔震结构抗震可靠度相比较。说明隔震结构在防止结构层间位移过大而引起破坏有很好的效果。根据隔震结构的特点，本文在考虑了边缘隔震支座不产生拉应力及支座压应力不超过其承载压应力这两个条件下，建立隔震结构的抗倾覆极限状态方程，最后得出隔震结构抗倾覆可靠度的计算公式。 在考虑了结构使用期限内各个等级地震发生概率的基础上，运用时程可靠度分析，计算了隔震结构使用期限内的承载力可靠度和抗倾覆可靠度，并与传统的非隔震结构的分析结果相比较。 本文最后就影响隔震结构可靠度的一些有关参数进行初步分析。这些参数主要是：刚度K、阻尼C和质量M的变异系数；结构的高宽比；隔震层的阻尼比；上部结构与隔震层的刚度比等。本文还探讨了影响高宽比限值的一些因素。 本文通过隔震结构可靠度的计算，得出的主要结论如下： ①隔震结构在多遇地震的作用下，隔震层的承载力可靠度大于上部结构的承载力可靠度，但在罕遇地震作用下，隔震层的承载力可靠度有可能会小于上部结构的承载力可靠度。 ②隔震结构使用期限内保持“中震可修”和“大震不倒”的概率大于非隔震结构；隔震结构在使用期限内有很高的承载力可靠度和抗倾覆可靠度。 ③隔震结构的抗倾覆可靠度主要受高宽比限制，高宽比的限值又与场地条件，地震加速度峰值及隔震层的刚度(结构周期)有关。 ④上部结构与隔震层的刚度比是隔震结构的一个很重要的参数，它是决定结构周期的主要因素，对结构的抗倾覆可靠度和承载力可靠度都有重要影响。 ⑤隔震层的阻尼对结构的抗倾覆可靠度及承载力可靠都有影响，但对抗倾覆可靠度的影响更为显著。更多还原

【Abstract】 Base isolation is an effective design technique against the earthquake damage to the structure. The lateral flexibility of the base isolation system increases the fundamental period of the structure and thus minimize the lateral load transferred to the superstructure during the strong earthquake.On the basis of the wide investigation of the achievement home and abroad about the base isolation, this dissertation completed the mean and variance of the displacement, velocity and acceleration induced by given earthquake base on the time-history response and stochastic FEM. Then we can figure out the Time-history reliability of bearing capacity on the assumption that distribution of structure response of earthquake referring to relation literature. The base isolation structure is safer than the ordinary structure when we compare their reliability.For the overturn problem of the base isolation structure, the limit state equation and anti-overture reliability formula of base isolation structure was deduced in the dissertation and applied to the example analysisSome parameter that influences reliability of structure was analyzed preliminarily in this dissertation. They include variance of the structural stiffness (K), damping (C) and mass (M), the ratio of height to width of the structure, damping ratio of the isolated layer, stiffness ratio of superstructure to isolated layer. The main conclusion is: the effect of variance of K, C and M towards structural reliability is small, the effect of the ration of height to width is significant towards structural anti-overturn reliability, the isolation layers’ damping ratio and stiffness ratio influence the reliability of both bearing capability and anti-overturn and the latter is more significant. Some factor that influence the limit of height-to-width ratio is discussed because reliability of base isolation structure is mainly determined by height-to- width ratio.更多还原