【作者】 袁绍义；

【导师】 蒋先福；

【作者基本信息】 湖南师范大学 ， 法学理论， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 党的十六大明确提出了“加强对权力的制约和监督”的方针，认为我国应建立“结构合理、配置科学、程序严密、制约有效的权利运行机制”。但在我国建设社会主义法治国家，完善对国家公共权力的制约和监督，建设社会主义政治文明是一项前无古人的事业，为此我们有必要加强对当代中国控权理论的研究，其中包括借鉴人类政治法律文明中的有益成果，开拓和深化我们的认识。而洛克的控权思想无疑是西方近现代法治理论的基石，也是近代西方建立法治国家或法治政府的重要依据。故从法理学角度对洛克的法律理论特别是其控权法律思想进行研究，对我国的政治体制改革，民主法治建设是大有裨益的。 理论界一般认为，洛克提出了分权理论、人民反抗和议会主权的思想。笔者认为这些概括大体不错，但尚未能完全反映并指出洛克政治法律思想的特征。笔者认为控权思想有如一根红线贯串于洛克政治法律思想体系的始终。其中以个人权利为本位，以维护个人财产权为目的，以实行代议制民主为基础，以分权制衡为手段的控权思想，既是洛克政治法律思想的主要内容，又是他为人类政治法律思想宝库奉献的一份珍贵财富。在此基础上笔者认为洛克的控权思想的重心已经不再是人，而是国家或政府及其权力；控制的最终目的不在于防止统治者的恶，而在于敦促政府确保公民的自由和权利。因此，洛克的控权法律思想不再是对某个人提出的一项道德要求，而是对政府及其权力确定的一项普遍原则。 由于历史的和阶级的局限洛克的控权思想也具有理想化的色彩，对于其中的糟粕性因素，我们应予摒弃，对于其中的合理因素是我们应当继承和发扬的。更多还原

【Abstract】 The sixteenth National congress has put forward explicitly a policy that the restriction and supervision over power should be strengthened,and considered our country should establish power operating mechanism which is reasonable-structured, scientific-deployment, close-procedureand reasonable-restrictoned But it is an unprecedented enterprise that theconstruct socialist legal state, perfect the restriction and supervision over country’s public power, establish socialist political civilization, in the present age, we have the necessity to strengthen the sturdy of control of administration theory, induce drawing lessons from beneficial achievement of human polities and legal civilization, opening up and deigning our knowledge Locke’s control of administration theory is the foundation of western theories of rule of law out of lusting, in the modern and contemporary time, as well as the basis of modern west to build legal abate or government. So the study about Locke’s legal theory especially his control of administration theory in terms of jurisprudence, has reference significance for our political structural reforms and the construction of democracy and legality.It, in theory field, commonly is considered that Locke’ has putforward control of administration theory, the thought of resistance ofpeople and congress’s sovereignty In author’s opinion, these mainprinciples are right, but it can’t reflect and point out the characteristic ofLocke’s political and legal thoughts completely. The author thinks thecontrol of administration theory run through Lock’s political and legalthinking system, The control of administration theory, which individualrights is standard, safeguarding individual property is object, executingdemocracy of representative system is foundation, decentralization andchecks and balances are means, is not only the main content of Locke’spolitical and legal thought, but also a valuable treasure contributed to human political and legal thought. On the foundation, the author, considers the emphasis of Locke’s control of administration theory is no longer the human being, but the state or government and its power; the final purpose of control does not lie in preventing the rulers’ vicious, but supervising the government ensure citizens’ freedom and rights. Therefore, Locke’s control of administration theory is not a ethic requirement to some one any longer, but a common principles to government and its power.Locke’s control of administration has some ideal factors becomes of the limitation of history and class. We should abandon the waste nattier, and inherit, develop the reasonable factors.更多还原