【作者】 朱丽华；

【导师】 肖北庚；

【作者基本信息】 湖南师范大学 ， 法学理论， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 人大及其常委会对一府两院的监督，是宪法和法律赋予国家权力机关的重要职权。对其进行理论探讨既有助于填补理论研究空白，也有助于对相应实践提供理论参考。本文从监督一词辨析入手，探究了监督的基本内涵。在此基础上，重点探讨了人大监督一府两院的法理基础。认为人大对一府两院监督具有正当性，其正当性体现在：监督是人民主权的体现，是防止权力滥用的客观需要，是法制的重要内容和保障；人大监督一府两院不仅有正当性，而且具有现实合理性，其合理性体现在：监督由宪法和法律规定，由人大的地位决定，有限政府、责任政府需要人大监督，而司法公正和司法的相对独立性是人大监督司法的主要理由。分析法理基础后，探析了人大监督一府两院的具体构建和运行机理，进而对人大监督一府两院的现状进行了反思，深入分析了人大监督所涉及的政府财政、政府责任和司法个案等问题，最后提出了若干完善人大对一府两院监督制度的对策和建议，对策主要有：健全人大监督机制，把监督事和监督人结合起来；明确国家权力机关的处置权；明确规范询问和质询的程序；建立信任投票制度；尽快制定和出台监督法。更多还原

【Abstract】 The supervisorship that the people’s congress and its standing committee exercises on the government, the court and the procuratorate is important function and power of the organ of state power endued with by the Constitution and Law. To research into the theory of such supervision conduces to supplying not only a gap of theory study, but also a theory-reference to the corresponding practice.The essay firstly differentiates and analyses the word of supervision to research into its basic connotation. Then it comes to the keystone of the study of the essay - the theoretical basics of law of supervision of the people’s congress on the government, the court and the procuratorate. It deems that such supervision is of Tightness, which is to say, supervision of the people’s congress is embodiment of the people’s dominion, demand of preventing power-abuse and ensuring unification of legal system. Supervision of the people’s congress on the government, the court and the procuratorate is of both Tightness and practical rationality, of which the latter embodies: supervisorship is prescribed by the Constitution and Law and decided by the status of the people’s congress; a finite and responsible government is in need of supervision by the people’s congress; maintaining fair administration of justice and relative judicial independence is the main reason for the people’s congress supervising the judicial system.After analyses of the basic theory of law, the essay explores into the structuring principles and running fundamentals of supervision of thepeople’s congress on the government, the court and the procuratorate. To deepen its study, the essay reviews the status quo of such supervision, analyses in depth its involved issues including government finance, government responsibility and judicial cases, and finally proposes several countermeasures and suggestions to perfect the supervision system of the people’s congress on the government, the court and the procuratorate. The main countermeasures namely are: making the supervision system of the people’s congress more healthy and combining affairs-supervision with the relative party-supervision; clarifying disposition power of the organ of state power; defmitizing the procedures of normalizing enquiry and inquiry; establishing a credit voting system; enacting and promulgating a law of supervision as early as possible.更多还原