【作者】 陈健佳；

【导师】 李先波；

【作者基本信息】 湖南师范大学 ， 国际法学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 在世贸组织的各项协议中，存在着众多复杂、分散的例外条款。其中，安全例外条款尤其引人注目。其分布广泛，涉及货物贸易、服务贸易、与贸易有关的知识产权等，它允许世贸组织(WTO)成员方为维护特定的国家安全利益而可以采取背离WTO的任何原则和规定的措施。为世贸组织各成员方维护本国的国家安全利益而背离其义务开辟了“免责”通道。我国现已成为世贸组织成员方，在实践和执行WTO各协议的实践中，完全有权合法、有效地运用WTO安全例外条款，在特定情况下实施贸易限制措施，以维护我国的国家安全利益。目前，国内虽已对WTO进行了大量有价值的研究，但关于安全例外的专著及专题性论文却殊为少见。因此，本文试图在这方面有所突破，使用案例法、条文解释法、文献研究法等法学研究方法对该条款作出初步研究，并针对我国立法和实践中的不足，提出实用的法律对策。 本文共分五个部分，第一部分为引言，指出对WTO安全例外条款予以研究的必要性和现实意义。 第二部分为WTO安全例外条款概述。首先指出例外条款的概念及分类，其次列出安全例外条款的概念及架构，然后阐述安全例外条款的由来及其成因，最后分析了安全例外条款的法理基础和法律特征。 第三部分，着重阐述WTO安全例外条款的价值与缺陷。首先，阐述了安全例外条款的价值，其次分析了安全例外条款在条文方面和监督机制方面的缺陷，最后提出了关于完善安全例外条款的一些设想。 第四部分，分析了援用WTO安全例外条款的条件。在该部分中本文着重分析了“国家基本安全利益”、“国际关系中的紧张局势”、“所必需”等几个重要条件。 第五部分是中国应对WTO安全例外条款的对策。首先，分析WTO安全例外条款与两岸经贸关系;其次，讲述了Wl，O安全例外条款与香港《基本法》第23条的关系，最后，介绍了我国利用安全例外条款的现状及不足之处，提出了我国应采取的对策。更多还原

【Abstract】 There exist a lot of exception clauses in the WTO agreements. The security exception clauses. Among them, especially drew attention. They exist widespread and involve trade in Goods, trade in service trade-revealed intellectual property. They allow WTO members to take measures to derogate and exempt from WTO obligations in order to safeguard specific interest of national security. They make it possible to exempt WTO members from their obligations in order to safeguard their basic motional security. Since our country has become WTO member, in the practice of implementing WTO agreements, we have the full right to use WTO general exception clause legally and effectively so that we can carry out trade-restrictive measures in the specific situation to safeguard our country’s national security. It can be seen that it is very signification to study WTO security exception clauses. However, little studies has been made on security exception clauses in our country. Using methods such as clause-interpretation, case study and literature study, this paper aims at making preliminary study and putting forward comprehensive, practical legal countermeasures in view of the defeats of our country’s legislation and practice.The paper is composed of five sections. The first section is one introduction. It indicates the necessity and practical significance of the research on WTO security exception clause.The second section is a survey of WTO security exception clauses. At first, the concept and classification of exceptions is pointed out, then the concept and the framework of security exception clause is set out, then the forming history and origin of security exception is expounded, and then thelegal principle and legal features of security exception one anglicized.The third section mainly anal sizes its defect and value of security exception. Some advices to perfect security exception clause are put forward on the base of the analysis of is defects both in the provisions and in the supervisory mechanism.The fourth section analyses the requirements of using WTO security exception clause. In this section, such important requirement as "Its essential security interest", "tense situation of international relations" and "it considers necessary" are emphasized.The fifth section is about Chinese legal countermeasures to WTO security exception douse. After introducing the present legal situation of Chinese usage of security exception clauses and its deficiency. It puts forward the countermeasures that our country should take.更多还原