【作者】 吕焕哲；

【导师】 吴甫成；

【作者基本信息】 湖南师范大学 ， 自然地理学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 旅游区环境是一种特殊的环境系统。旅游环境不仅是旅游资源的载体，而且其本身也是一种重要的旅游资源，旅游资源的开发在促进旅游区环境质量改善的同时，不可避免地对旅游区环境产生破坏和污染，故对旅游区环境质量进行评价和规划尤为重要。 本文基于桃江县旅游业发展总体规划课题，旅游环境规划子课题。目的之一是通过旅游区环境质量评价，尤其是旅游区地质环境质量评价，为桃花江美容旅游度假村选址提供科学依据。通过对桃江七个主要旅游区的有效问卷调查，认为“美人窝”出现在桃花湖和羞山两个地区，故在这两地采集岩石、土壤和地下水样品，并送至中国科学院广州地球化学研究所同位素化学研究中心用ICP—MS等离子光谱仪对微量元素进行分析化验。地质环境评价分为三步，第一步为单元素评价，取人体必需元素如：Cu、Zn、Se、Mn和对人体有害的元素如Pb、Cd、Hg、As等。人体必需元素采用抛物线型的评价法，指数取正；对人体有害的元素采用S型曲线评价法，指数为负，得出对人体必需元素的含量高于环境背景值，而对人体有害元素的含量低于环境背景值。第二步为单要素评价，将桃花湖和羞山两个地区分开，各自作为一个整体，将岩石、土壤和地下水视为环境整体中的一个要素，采用均值指数法对地质环境质量进行评价，结果表明桃花湖和羞山两地的地质条件不同。第三步为地质环境的综合评价，对两个地区的总体地质环境质量评价，采用加权加和指数法，羞山的指数为1.213，桃花湖的为1.139，结果表明羞山区的地质环境略好于桃花湖区。 在生态环境评价中，对大气环境采用分段指数法，选取SO₂、NO_X、TSP三个因子进行评价，取污染物中最高污染指数为大气环境质量指数，结果表明：在三个指数中SO₂的污染指数最高，但总体污染指数仍处在Ⅰ级标准之内。对地面水采取比值法评价，选取pH、非离子氨、砷、六价铬和镉等13个常用指标，得出除大肠杆菌外，其余指标均达到地面水的国家Ⅱ级标准，声学环境也达到了国家对旅游区的环境质量要求，且生物资源丰富，生物多样性良好，故桃花江旅游区的生态环境质量良好。结合地质环境和生态环境，考虑人文因素，将“美人窝”休闲度假村建在羞山旅游区。 在对环境现状评价的基础上，针对开展的旅游项目，使用列表清单法，对各旅游区排放的污染物和对整体的旅游功能影响进行环境影响评价，结果表明由于各旅游区的功能定位不同，所以影响程度也不一样。羞山旅游区的污染物排放量最多，其次为桃花湖旅游区，这和这两个旅游区的功能定位是一致的。而整体功能的影响最大的是武马湖、浮丘山和桃江镇三个旅游区。对此进行原因分析，提出环境保护对策建议，以保证旅游资源的可持续利用和区域经济的可持续发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Tourist environment is a special environment system with its own uniqueness. Firstly, it is not only the carrier of tourist resources, but also a kind of important tourist resource itself. Secondly, tourist resources exploration can promote the environmental quality, while it also unavoidably induces destruction and pollution, so it is very important to assess and make a planning about the environmental quality.Based on the sub-program of environmental planning of the tourism development in Taojiang County, the paper aims to provide evidences for vacation village through environmental assessment, especially geological environmental assessment. According to the useful questionnaires of the seven main scenic spot in Taojiang, we think "Meirenwo" is located in TaohuaLake and Xiushan, so the rock, soil and ground water samples of the two regions were collected and were sent to the Isotope Chemistry Study Center Of Guangzhou Institute Of Geochemistry, Chinese academy of Sciences, to analyze trace elements with ICP-MS plasma spectrum instruments. Geological environment assessment was disintegrated for three steps. The first step is element assessment, using necessary elements such as Cu, Zn, Se, Mn and the harmful ones such as Pb, Cd, Hg, As, etc. As to the necessary elements, the parabola assessment is used and the indexes are positive, for harmful ones, "S" curve is used and the indexes are negative. The results show that the necessary elements are higher than the environment background, while the harmful ones are lower. The second step is factor assessment. The.two areas were separated, and the rock, soil and groundwater as a whole were taken as a factor. Then choose average index to assess the geologic environmental quality. The results suggest that geological conditions of TaohuaLake and Xiushan are quite different. The last step is comprehensive assessment, by selecting weighting index toassess the total geologic environmental quality of the two areas. The results point out the index of Xiushan is 1. 213 and Taohuahu is 1.139, that is to say, the geologic environmental quality of Xiushan is better than TaohuaLake.The atmosphere environment used segment index, selected three factors of S02, NOx, TSP, and the highest pollution index represents the environmental quality index. The results indicate the index of S02 is the highest, but the total index is still within the I standard. The specific value assessment is used to the surface water and 13 general indexes (pH, NH3, As, Cr+6, Cd, etc) were chosen. The results manifest the indexes are all qualified of the II standard except for colon bacillus, and the acoustic environment is also qualified. What’ s more, the biological resources are abundant and the diversity is also high, therefore the ecologic environmental quality of Taojiang scenic spot is good. Combine the geological environment and ecological environment; consider the humane factor, the "Meirenwo" vacation village should be constructed at Xiushan scenic spot.On the basis of the assessment of present situation of the environment, the paper use tabulation to assess the environmental impact of the pollutants in every scenic spot. The results show that the function and the impact of every scenic spot are different. The highest pollution is in Xiushan scenic spot, and the second is in TaohuaLake, which is in accordance with the function position of the two; The deepest impact of the whole function is the three scenic spot of WumaLake, Fuqiushan and Taojiang county. Analyzed the reasons, we give proposals to guarantee the sustainable utilization of the tourist resources and the sustainable development of regional economy.更多还原