【作者】 吴战杰；

【导师】 傅钢善； 秦健；

【作者基本信息】 陕西师范大学 ， 教育技术学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 信息技术的出现为教育带来了新的变革。在教育发展史上，教育的规模化和个别化一直是一对矛盾。网络远程教育的出现为解决这一矛盾提供了契机，同时，对传统的教学理论、教学设计理论提出了挑战，改变了传统的教学思想和方式。新的教学设计要求与之相适应的新的学习者特征分析，然而，在实践过程中很多教育实施者没有对这一问题给予足够的重视，已经成为影响网络教育质量的一个重要因素。 目前专门论述网络环境下学习者特征分析的研究相对偏少，网络教育中对学习者特征的分析也主要沿用传统的方法。建构主义出现以后，教育从以“教”为中心的教学结构向以“学”为中心的教学结构偏移，出现了“主导——主体”教学结构(何克抗，2002)。特别是在网络教育出现以后，全新的教学结构给教育带来了巨大的冲击，经过了几年的发展，教育技术领域对教学设计的理论和设计方法进行了很多有益的探索和实践。但是对于学习者特征分析却没有本质的变化，在网络环境下严重“水土不服”，我们需要建立全新的学习者特征分析模型以促进网络教育的更好发展。 网络远程教育中学习者特征分析主要需要解决两个个问题：一是分析什么；二是怎么分析。本研究试从网络教育本身的特征和目前教育发展趋势为出发点，建立网络学习者特征分析体系(即需要分析的学习者特征集合)，在此基础上结合网络远程教育的技术特征提出分析模型。 第一章主要从纵向概述了产生学习者特征分析的本质原因，简要的介绍了学习者特征分析的研究历程和成果。第二章主要论述了信息时代网络远程教育的特殊性，提出学习者导向(Learner-Oriented)的网络学习模型，建立适合网络教育的学习者特征体系。在第二章的基础上，第三章提出利用网络及相关信息技术进行学习者分析的方法(动态的、开放的、多元的)。为了表征学习者的个体差异，第四章依据学习者特征体系设计了学生模型，并描述了学生模型的运用方法。 本研究的主要目的在于为网络教育中学习者特征分析提供可行的方法体系，为实现网络教学的个性化与智能化做一些探索性工作。更多还原

【Abstract】 The appearance of IT has brought new renovation to education. The standardization and individualization of education has always been contradictory in the history of education development. The emergence of web-based distance education has offered some chance to solve this conflict. At the same time, the appearance of web-based distance education has posed challenge to traditional teaching theory and teaching design theory, and caused traditional teaching concept and method. The new teaching design demands a corresponding new analysis of learner profile. However, many education practitioners fail to pay enough attention to this problem in the teaching practice, which has become a main factor affecting the quality of web-based education.Presently researches specializing in the analysis of learner profile in web-based education are comparatively scarce, and many of the analyses of learner profile still apply traditional methods. With the appearance of constructivism, the teaching-focused teaching model began to change into the study-focused teaching model in education, and there appeared a dominator-subject model (He Ke-kang) of the teaching design. Especially with the application of web-based education, the totally new form of instruction has brought great impact on education. Although some instructive theoretical exploration and practice have been made on the theory and designing methods of teaching design in educational technology field in the past few years, no distinct changes have been made on the analysis of learner profile. Therefore a totally new analysis model is needed for the further development of web-based education.In the analysis of learner profile in web-based distance education, there are mainly two problem should be solved, namely, what should be analyzed, and in what ways. Taking the analysis of the characteristics of web-based education and the current situation of education development as the starting point, this research attempts to construct the learner profile system in web-based education, i.e. the congregation of learner profile needed to be analyzed. Then, the analysis model is put forward on the base of the technological features of web-based distance education, and the studentmodel is designed accordingly.Chapter one makes a general survey of the essential cause of the appearance of the analysis of learner profile from the longitudinal perspective, and offers a brief introduction of the course and achievements of the past research on the analysis of learner profile. Chapter two mainly discusses the peculiarity of web-based distance education in the information era, puts forward the Learner-Orientated web-based study model, and constructs the learner profile system suitable to web-based education. On the base of Chapter two, Chapter three advances the method of analyzing learner by applying web and related information technology, namely, a dynamic, exoteric and multiple method. And in Chapter four, according to learner profile, the student model is designed to show the individual differences of the learners, the purpose of which is to put it into use in practical teaching activities.The purpose of this research is to offer some practical method in the analysis of learner profile in web-based education, which is hoped to be of some help in the realization of individualization and intelligentization of web-base education.更多还原