【作者】 杨宁；

【导师】 廖桂平；

【作者基本信息】 湖南农业大学 ， 生态学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 对湖南农业大学油料研究所正在进行品比实验的九个油菜品种进行观察，采用折因形式，从油菜的叶片生长速度，各叶片的叶片面积及叶龄，一次有效分枝数，二次有效分枝数，单角数等方面入手，运用MATLAB编程语言模拟油菜的生育动态，并且研究了油菜十大主要性状与产量的关系以及这些性状间的相互关系。 1．油菜的叶片生长速度的动态符合LogiStic生长方程，冬前生长越缓慢，曲线Logistic方程拟合程度越好。 2．从油菜的叶面积与叶龄的对照图表明：在适当的栽培条件下，油菜的叶面积的大小与叶龄的长短呈正相关，即叶面积大，则叶龄长，当叶面积最大时，叶龄达最长。油菜的各叶片的叶面积的变化趋势符合方程y=axe^bx，各叶片的叶龄的变化趋势符合方程式y=ax²+bx+c。 3．油菜的一次有效分枝数，二次分枝数，角果的数量与时间关系符合不对称的“S”形曲线y=a+blgx。 4．油菜的十个性状与产量的相关分析，若按与产量相关系数大小排列，则依次为主茎总叶数＞根茎粗＞株高＞一次有效分枝数＞主茎绿叶数＞二次有效分枝数＞单株角果数＞每角粒数＞千粒重，前8个性状与产量均达到显著正相关，每角粒数与产量的相关性不显著，而千粒重与产量呈负相关。 5．油菜主茎绿叶数，主茎总叶数，株高，根茎粗，单株产量，单株角果与产量的直线回归表明：冬前主茎绿叶数增加1时，亩产即可增加20kg左右；主茎总叶数每增加1叶，亩产即可增加5.4kg左右，株高在160-180cm内，株高每增加1cm，亩产增加2kg左右；根茎粗每增加1mm，亩产增加3.33kg左右，单株产量每增加1kg，亩产即可增加12kg左右，单株角果每增加1个，亩产可增加0.7kg左右。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nine types of rape (B.napus) are observed at Hunan Agricultral University. The leaf growth rate, leaf rear and leaf age on each leaf, effectively primary branches, effectively secondary branches, corniform pods on each plant, et are studied, we simulated the dynamic growth of B.napus by MATLAB language. By MATLAB language, We studied the correlation of the 10 main characters in B.napus between the yield and the correlation amony these characters. The resulds were as follows:1.About leaf growth rate in B.napus, It conformed to Logistic equation. The slower they growed before winter, the larger the correlation coefficient was.2. The leaf area was compared with the leaf age in the graph, under suitable cultiviation conditions, we knowed that the leaf area was extreme significantly correlated with the leaf age. That is to say, when the leaf area was larger, the leaf age was longer ,when the leaf area is the largest, the leaf age is the longest. About leaf area on each leaf, its variation of development accorded with y=axebx equation; About leaf age on each leaf, its variation development accorded with double-equetion y=ax2+bx+c.3. As far as the correlation of effectively primary branches, effectiuely seconedary branches, corniform pods on each plant etc between time were concerned, it accorded with non-symmetry S curve y=a+blgx.4. By analyzing the correlation coefficient of the 10 main characters between the yield in B.napus. its order was leaves on main stem>the diameter of root collar>the height of plant>effectively primary branches>green leaves on main stem>efTectively secondary branches>corniform pods on each plant>grains on each pod>the 1000-seed weight, the former 8 characters are extreme significantly correlated with the yield, but the correlations of the grains on each pod or the 1000- seed weight are not clear or negative.5. By line-regressing the green leaves on main stem, the leaves on main stem, the height of plant, the diameter of root collar, the output on each plant, the the corniform pods on each plant etc between the yield, the results were as follows: the leaves on main stem increased 1 before winter, the yield increases about 20kg per mu; the leaves on main stem increased 1, the yieldincreased about 5.4kg per mu; the height of plant increased 1 cm between 160cm and 180cm, the yield increased about 2kg per mu; the diameter of root collar increased 1mm, the yield increased about 3.33kg per mu; the output on each plant increased 1kg, the yield increased about 12kg per mu; the corniform pods on each plant increased 1, the yield increased about 0.7 per mu.更多还原