【作者】 邓建平；

【导师】 石雪晖； 刘干生；

【作者基本信息】 湖南农业大学 ， 种植， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 以刺葡萄、华佳8号和巨峰扦插苗为砧木，嫁接红地球葡萄，进行珍珠岩培养，采用5因素4水平的正交试验设计，研究了营养液中不同含量的N、P、K、Ca、Mg及其组合与三种砧木处理对葡萄植株生长与抗病性的影响。结果表明：营养液中N水平的高低是决定植株生长量大小的主导因素，供N水平与植株生长量成正相关，Ca和Mg也是影响植株生长的重要因素。缺Ca处理和缺Mg处理均会严重抑制植株的生长，其植株生长量与其他各处理差异显著。 植株体内的矿质元素水平主要取决于对同种元素的处理，随处理元素含量的增高而增加，但叶中矿质元素含量还受其他多种矿质元素处理水平的综合影响，N与K，K与Ca、Mg，Ca与Mg之间均表现出明显的拮抗作用。 植株体内的矿质元素水平还直接影响葡萄植株对黑痘病的感染率和严重度，叶片中的含N量与植株对黑痘病的抗性成负相关，与叶片中K含量成正相关，降低叶片中的N／K值可提高葡萄的抗黑痘病能力。 营养液中的Mg素和N素水平决定了植株叶片叶绿素的含量，叶片中Mg素和N素含量与叶片中叶绿素含量呈正相关。 三种砧木处理中，刺葡萄根系最发达，对矿质养分的吸收能力最强，华佳8号砧木对接穗其有乔化作用，其接穗生长势最强。三种砧木对接穗叶绿素含量的影响无显著差异，刺葡萄、华佳8号砧木能增强接穗的抗黑痘病能力，它们的黑痘病感染率和严重度均显著低于巨峰砧的葡萄植株。更多还原

【Abstract】 Red Earth grape which grafted on Vitis davidii Foex, Huajia 8 and Jufeng grape was used as experimental material, the effects of different stocks and varied concentration of N, P, K, Ca and Mg on the growth of grape and disease resistance were studied according to the orthogonal of five factors and four levels. The result shows: There is positive relationship between the growth rate of grape tree and the concentration of N. Ca and Mg are also main factors in determining grape growth. The deficit treatments of available Ca and Mg can obviously inhibit the growth of grape trees, and also performs significant difference on the growth from other treatments.The level of mineral elements in a plant tissue is positively determined by the concentration of applied solution. However, the contents of mineral nutrients in leave tissue are also affected by other treatments. There are obversely antangonistic effects between N and K; Ca, Mg and K; Ca and Mg.The contents of mineral nutrient in plant tissue straightly affect infection rate and severity of Anthracnose. The infection rate negatively related to the content of N in leave tissue, at the same time,it is positive to the content of K. Thus, reducing the value of N/K can improve the capability of disease resistance.The content of chlorophyll of leave tissue was determined by the content of Mg and N,there are positive correlation between the content ofchlorophyll of leave tissue and the concentration of Mg and N.V.davidii Foex has the most developed root systems and strong take-up ability, while the scion on Huajia 8 performs the largest growth rate among three stocks. The rooting of V.davidii Foex and Huajia 8 can increase capability of resistance on Anthracnose., the infection rate and severity of Anthracnose of grape trees on the rooting of V.davidii Foex and Huajia 8 are much lower than that on Jufengs. The result does not show significant difference of content of chlorophyll in leave tissue among three stocks.Jianping DengDirected by Prof.Xuehui Shi更多还原