丙酮、丁酮、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯和DMF在水中的溶解度及其在皮革废气治理中的应用

【作者】 徐灏；

【导师】 金一中；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 环境工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 治理有机废气是大气污染治理中极为重要的一部分。而吸收法是诸多治理技术中最为经济实用且成熟的一种方法。而在吸收操作中，气体在溶剂中的溶解度决定了吸收操作的效率和经济性。本文对丙酮、丁酮、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯和DMF在水中15～40℃、常压下的气体溶解度做了系统的测定，研究了其受温度和液相浓度的影响规律。并用UNIFAC模型对气液平衡情况进行模拟，与实验值相比较。同时还对应用于皮革干法中丁酮和DMF废气的填料吸收塔进行了性能测定。 实验表明，在相同温度下，在水中的气体溶解度由大到小依次为DMF、丙酮、丁酮、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯。当温度小于30℃时且液相浓度较低时，气体溶解度的实验值与用UNIFAC模型的计算值符合较好。当液相浓度增大时，用UNIFAC模型计算气体溶解度产生的偏差也随之增大。对于同一物质，当溶液中液相摩尔分数较小时，气相平衡分压随温度变化改变不大，温度对溶解度的影响可以忽略。 在吸收装置的工业测试中，随着液相浓度、气体进口浓度的增加，水吸收丁酮和DMF的效率降低。液相浓度、进口浓度的增加对DMF吸收效率的影响不大，而对丁酮吸收效率的影响较大。气体的出口温度随液气比增大而降低，二者近似为线性关系。全塔压降随着操作空塔气速的增加而降低，而持液量主要受喷淋密度制约。更多还原

【Abstract】 It is rather important to treat organic waste gas in the air pollution control. Absorption is the most economical, convenient and well-developed among other treatment methods. In the absorption process, the gas solubility in the solvent plays a key role on removal efficiency and operation price. This paper focus on the gas solubility of Acetone, Z-Butanone, Ethyl acetate , n-Butyi acetate, N,N-Dimethylformamide(DMF) in the water at 15~40℃ and normal air pressure. The infection of temperature and liquid concentration on the gas solubility is studied. UNIFAC model is used to simulate the gas-liquid equilibira and compared with experimental data. The operation character of packed tower in leaher production waste gas treatment is also investigated.From the experimental data, the gas solubility from high to low in the water can be ranged as DMF, Acetone , Z-Butanone, Ethyl acetate and n-Butyi acetate. UNIFAC model is accord well with the experimental data at temperature below 30℃ and low liquid concentration. But the deviation between UNIFAC model and experimental data increases as the temperature or the liquid concentration increases. For the same substance at low liquid concentration, the gas solubility of it remain unchanged when temperature changes.The removal efficiency of DMF and Acetone decreases with increase of The liquid concentration and inlet concentration in the industrial packed tower. The removal efficiency of Acetone is affected more intensive than that of DMF. The outlet temperature decreases as L/G increases, and they are in a linear relation. The total pressure drop increases with the increase of gas velocity. The liquid hold is affected by the insufflation density.更多还原