【作者】 黄湘；

【导师】 海鹰；

【作者基本信息】 新疆师范大学 ， 自然地理学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 城市绿化问题已经成为城市生态、城市生态系统研究的重要内容，目前，主要是从城市造林和城市园林绿化角度进行阐述，重点研究城市植物群落的自然属性。本文将研究范围集中在乌鲁木齐市社会、经济、环境三者共同作用于城市绿色植物上的活动，也就是研究城市植物与某些环境因素之间的相互关系，根据生态学学说，生态系统学说，把它作为一个生态系统来研究，即城市绿地生态系统。通过对乌鲁木齐市绿化问题的分析，试图从定性、定量两个方面粗略的描述乌鲁木齐市城市绿地生态系统的平衡状态，并就如何实现生态平衡提出相应的建议、措施。本论文的主要内容为： (一)前言和城市绿化发展及其研究的回顾与评述 概述国内外城市绿化的发展状况，到目前为止，学者对城市绿化的研究主要是集中在城市植被的自然属性及其如何建设两个方面，今后，城市绿化的研究主要向三个方向发展：城市造林，城市园林绿化，城市绿地生态系统的生态学研究。 (二)城市绿地生态系统的实质 在其他学者研究的基础上，从城市绿化概念的发展及其相互区别入手，明确界定不同名词的研究范畴，从而确定本文研究角度。根据大量文献查阅及有关理论及学说的支持下，分析了城市绿地生态系统的实质，即城市绿地系统与人类有关绿化行为形成的物质循环，能量流动。 (三)乌鲁木齐市城市绿地生态系统及其存在的问题 这一部分主要是实证研究。介绍了乌鲁木齐市城市绿地生态系统的自然、环境背景，通过现场勘踏、调查问卷、访谈结合相关分析、统计分析的方法，从生态系统生态学、生态学的研究思路出发，分析乌鲁木齐市城市绿地生态系统的组成、分布、功能，发展现状、特点及存在的问题。 新疆师范大学硕士学位论文 (四)建设与管理措施 这一部分主要是内容探讨和结论。针对乌鲁木齐市城市绿地生态系统的问题，为建立城市绿地生态系统平衡，而提出相应的生态化建设与管理措施。提出乌鲁木齐市城市绿地生态系统建设要讲究绿量化、网络化、乡土化、立体化及功能分区化等建设措施，在管理中要注意绿化建设规划与其他建设规划的相协调，在确保要增加的绿地总量不变的条件下，制定绿化交易许可证制度，制定地方性的《绿地保护法》，发行绿化建设彩票、建立绿化环境基金，以求缓解政府绿化投资的压力，广泛的开展绿地保护教育，提高市民的绿化意识，制定一套切实可行的绿化监督体制，保证以上措施的实际实施，从而达到全民参与绿地保护的目的。更多还原

【Abstract】 The problems of urban affronts have become anything important to the urban ecology and urban ecosystem. At present, the affronts research mainly consist in logging and garden, accent the natural characters of plants climax. This thesis research the reciprocal relationship between urban affront and environments that are formed by the action about afforest, elementarily make researches into matter cycle and energy flow in the unity. This thesis mainly study the action on the plants resulting from the interplay of the society, economic, and environment of Urumqi city, analyses the affronts problems of Urumqi city; try to depict the status of the urban flora ecological system’s balance, from the qualitative and quantitative. At last, give some proposals and measures about how to construct the ecological balance. Main contexts are listed as following:1. Review and appreciate the briefing and the research of urban affrontsSummary the briefing of the urban affront, hitherto, specialists study the urban affront, mainly about the natural characters of urban plants and how to build. Hence, there are three area to study: Urban silviculture, urban garden affront and urban afforest ecosystem.2. The essence of urban flora ecological system.On the basis of the other specialists’ achievements, understand the trend and content of the affronts research, Differentiate some concepts related; define clearly the notion of urban flora ecosystem, determine the angle of this thesis. Subject to the large number of paper and pertinent theories, analyses the essence of the urban flora ecosystem, that is, the matter cycle and energy flow betweenthe urban flora system and the some social environments.3. The urban flora ecosystem of Urumqi city and the existent problems ofit’sThis part is mainly concentrate on the positivism. Introduce the natural and environmental frame of the urban flora ecosystem of Urumqi city, according the census from investigate on the spot and questionnaires, the statistical analytical way, from the eco-systematical ecology and ecology to enter into research, analyses the formation, distribution, function, develop station and characters, finally find the existent problems. 4.Construction and managementThis part is mainly about contexts and conclusions. In accordance with the affronts problems of Urumqi city, corresponding constructive and managed measures are proposed to build the balance of urban flora ecological system. Those are: improve the quality of affronts, let the greenbelts become network, encourage the indigenous plants, take advantage of the stereo affronts and make different functional sub areas. The affronts constructive program and the other constructive programs keep synchronism. The total increasing green area is steadiness, for this prerequisite, to constitute affronts bargain license institution, formulate the local law to protect the urban affronts, launch the affronts lottery, setup the affronts fund to alley the press of the government, wage widely the affronts-protected education, improve the conscious of protect the affronts, constitute a set of practicable affronts supervise system to ensure all measures aboved actualized, at last, achieve the status which everyone protect the affronts.更多还原