【作者】 姜敏敏；

【导师】 鲁忠义；

【作者基本信息】 河北师范大学 ， 基础心理学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 通过三个实验，考察了在阅读过程中读者是否会根据人物性格特征对该人物在特定情境下的行为进行预测以及这种预期推理产生的条件。三个实验均采用2×2被试内设计。实验1结果表明，虽然被试根据人物的性格特征，对该人物在特定情境下的行为作出了预测，但人物性格特征的这种预期作用不大。实验2对实验1材料中的人物性格特征进行详述，结果表明人物性格特征的预期作用变大了。实验3在特征句或控制句和特定情境句之间插入了由四句话组成的插入材料。插入材料使人物性格特征进入长时记忆，并且插入材料与人物性格特征不在同一个情境模型中。实验3结果表明，读者通过共振过程重新激活了人物性格特征，并利用重新激活了的性格特征对该人物在特定情境下的行为进行了预测。这说明共振激活现象可以跨情境模型发生。更多还原

【Abstract】 2x2 within-subject design was used in three experiments .Our experiments explore readers’ application of characteristics of the protagonist to produce the predictive inference about the behavior of the protagonist. In experiment 1, although readers applied the characteristics of the protagonist to predict his behavior in a specific circumstance, but the predictive effect of characteristics was limited. In experiment 2, the elaboration of characteristics of the protagonist had greater effect on production of the predictive inference about the behavior of the protagonist. In experiment 3, there were four sentences between the characteristics and the specific circumstance sentence. The four sentences not only made characteristics enter long-term memory, but also can’t be added to the former situation model. The result suggested that readers reactivated the characteristics from the long-term memory and applied them to predict behavior of protagonist in a specific circumstance. The results of experiment 3 suggested that resonance reactive processes can happen between different situation models.更多还原