【作者】 何杰；

【导师】 应俊峰；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 教育经济与管理， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 基础教育课程政策是由政府部门颁布并负责实施的、一定时期内关于基础教育阶段的课程目标、设置、管理等方面的文件，它是协调人们在基础教育课程领域中的行动准则。它既包含关于课程目标、课程设置、组织管理等方面的静态的政策文本，也包含着关于这些政策文本的动态的决策过程。它是政府在基础教育课程体系中的一种价值选择，其核心是课程权力分配，通过课程权力的分配来达到不同利益团体的利益制衡。它不仅包括体现在法律和法规中的课程政策制定者的意图，而且也包括根据这些意图所采取的各种行动。因此，本文既研究静态的政策文本，也研究这些政策文本的动态的决策过程。 本文首先通过对我国不同时期的基础教育课程政策的考察，总结其特点。然后对影响基础教育课程政策制定的环境、政策制定过程中的组织与团体以及决策者等三个主要因素进行分析，从中可以看出在课程政策这一复杂的制定过程中，各影响因素是如何交互影响作用的。基础教育课程政策在世界范围内，存在着中央控制型与地方控制型两种基本类型，其形成是和整个国家的公共管理体制是高度相关的。课程政策制定模式虽有多种，但其各有利弊。为适应课程政策在课程决策权上的“趋同”，本文提出课程政策系统制定模式，既可以突出统一的国家课程意志，也能够发挥地方参与课程的积极性，能很好地适应我国当前课程改革的需要。 课程政策作为价值选择的结果，所以必须对课程政策进行价值分析。基础教育课程政策的基本价值特征表现为价值选择性、合法性、公正性、合理性和有效性五个方面，而一项好的理想的基础教育课程政策在价值取向上应具备三方面的基本特征，即:以学生的发展为本、民主化的课程政策权力观、高绩效的课程政策执行观。我国当前的基础教育课程政策总体上是一项好的理想的课程政策，但在实施中存在种种的偏离或失真的现象，严重地影响了我国基础教育课程政策的有效性。要提高我国基础教育课程政策实施的有效性，不仅要加强课程政策制定的科学性、培训政策执行者以提高政策执行水平、形成政策推进的合理策略、健全政策执行的评估机制，而且需要加强对课程政策的理论研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 The curriculum policy of the elementary education, which is issued and carried out by the government, is about curriculum aims arrangements management in the stage of elementary education. It is the principle for people to coordinate their work in the elementary education field. The curriculum policy of the elementary education includes not only static policy version, such as the arrangements target aims and concrete tragedy design of curriculum in a fixed period ,but also the designing process of these policy version. The curriculum policy is one of the government’s value choices in the curriculum system of the elementary education. Its core is the distribution of curriculum power and to reach the balance between each unit. It includes not only the policy makers ’ intention reflecting in the laws and regulations, but also the practice of that intention. This essay not only researches into the static policy versions, but researches into the dynamic designing process of these policy versions as well.Firstly, after studying the curriculum policies of the elementary education in different period times of our country, the essay summarizes the characteristics of the curriculum policy of the elementary education in China. Secondly, the essay analyseses the environment influencing the design of such curriculum policy ,and the organizations -. units and the designers in the process. From it ,we know how these factors influence each other. We can divide the curriculum policy of the elementary education into two primary types in the world: controlled by nation and controlled by local government. This positively relates with the national public management system. Although there are many design models of the curriculum, each has two sides. In order to gain the common ground among the authority in the curriculum design process for the curriculum policy, this essay suggests it need the systematic design model in the curriculum policy to highlight national consistent curriculum intentions to promote the local government to take part in the design of the curriculum actively and to match the needs of the nationalcurriculum revolution.The curriculum policy ,as one of the ends of value choice, must be analysesed in value aspect. The curriculum policy of the elementary education has five primary characteristics in value aspect, including value selective legal impartial rational and effective. However, an excellent and ideal curriculum policy of the elementary education should have three primary qualities in value: focusing on the development of the students democratizing the power in the designing of the curriculum policy and effectively practicing the curriculum policy. In general, we have an ideal curriculum policy of the elementary education nowadays, but there are variety divergent or distorted phenomenons in the practicing of the curriculum policy. This severely reduces the effectiveness of our curriculum policy of the elementary education. Thus, in order to change such situation, we must enhance the design to be more scientific and train the executor of the policy to promote the policy practicing level, to have rational tragedies advancing the policy and to build perfect evaluation system, and must enhance the theoretical research of the curriculum policy.更多还原