基于虚拟学习社区的研究性学习教学设计研究

【作者】 王苹；

【导师】 刘维民；

【作者基本信息】 首都师范大学 ， 课程与教学论， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究采用社会科学研究中日益兴起的行动研究法，研究基于虚拟学习社区的研究性学习教学设计的步骤与方法。 通过预研究发现中学学科教学中研究性学习的开展情况不是很好，存在的一个主要问题是教师不知如何进行研究性学习的教学设计。作者通过进行深入的文献综述，寻找理论依据和现实依据，发现关于教学设计方面的研究大多数都是采用实验研究法，用行动研究法的很少；有关研究性学习的研究大多是针对研究性学习课程的，其教学设计是按着《普通高中“研究性学习”实施指南(试行)》中提出的研究性学习所必经的三个阶段来进行设计的，所以只是一个开展研究性学习的实施流程框架，对于学科中研究性学习教学设计的操作性不强，而学科中开展研究性学习更有其现实意义。由此，作者确定本研究的焦点问题——用行动研究法研究基于虚拟学习社区的研究性学习教学设计的步骤和方法。作者提出的基于虚拟学习社区的研究性学习教学设计全过程分为四个阶段：(1) 教学设计前端分析阶段；(2) 问题情境阶段；(3) 实践体验阶段；(4) 表达和交流阶段。基于此教学设计步骤与方法与教师一起进行教学设计、教学实施、教学观察、教学反思……，循环返复，逐步提高，在行动研究中不断改进、完善研究性学习教学设计的步骤与方法。 本研究中资料收集的时间从2003年8月到2004年3月，采用了现场观察、访谈、实物收集三种收集资料的方法。通过构建四个教学案例的形式来展开整个研究过程，得出验证、改进的研究性学习教学设计的步骤与方法，主要在问题情境阶段和实践体验阶段进行了以下四方面改进：(1) 在问题情境阶段，增加师生和生生交互环节的设计；(2) 在实践体验阶段增加范例作品展示环节的设计；(3) 在实践体验阶段，学习资源的提供以预设资源为主，相关资源与泛在资源为辅；(4) 在实践体验阶段，利用虚拟学习社区中的公告栏发布信息，作为行动指南指导学生进行研究性学习。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study takes the action research to research the steps and methods of instructional design of researching learning that based on the virtual learning community.Through beforehand study, the author finds that the developing situation of researching learning that integrates in the subject teaching is not good in the middle school. Because there exits a main problem, that is the teachers don’t know how to design the researching learning in their subject teaching. Then the author carries through the literature summary deeply to look for the theory foundations and the realism foundations. The author finds that most studies about instructional design adopt experiment research methods, while few studies adopt action research methods; and most studies about researching learning aim at researching learning subject, the instructional design is designed according to <The Ordinary High School "researching learning" implement guide (try out) >, following three phases of researching learning, so the instructional design is a all-purpose instructional design for all researching learning, but to the researching learning in the subject teaching, this instructional design isn’t applicable; communication plat is one of the researching learning factors under the network environment, but the study about the instructional design of researching learning that based on the network environment is almost none. Thereout, the author fixes on the focus problem of this study, that is using action research method to study the steps and methods of instructional design of researching learning that based on the virtual learning community. Next, based on the virtual learning community, the author puts forward an instructional design of researching learning, it has four phases: (1) instructional design pre-analysis phase; (2) problem situation phase; (3) practice experience phase; (4) expression and communication phase. Based on the designed instructional design, the author and the teachers put up instructional design, teaching implementation, teaching observation, teachingreflection......, circling return, improving step by step, keep on improving and perfecting thedesigned steps and methods of researching learning instructional design in the action research.In this study, the time of colleting the information data is from August 2003 to March 2004. The author makes use of three methods to collect the information, that is scene observe, visit and practicality colleting. By constructing four teaching cases, the author unfolds the whole study process. At last, this study validates the steps and methods of instructional design of researching learning, and also finds some shortage. The instructional design are mainly improved in this four aspects: Firstly, in problem situation phase, it needs to add the alternation tache; secondly, in the practice phases, it needs to add the example displaying tache; thirdly, in the practice phases, the designing and supplying of learning information need more pre-designed information and a small qualities of relating information and extensive information; lastly, hi the practice phases, the teacher should make good use of the bulletin board in the virtual learning community as a activity guide to direct the students’ researching learning.更多还原