市场经济体制下乡镇农技推广体系的改革和发展

【作者】 陆信娟；

【导师】 应瑞瑶； 徐生；

【作者基本信息】 南京农业大学 ， 农业推广， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 乡镇公益性农业技术推广体系作为科教兴农的载体，政府和农民之间的纽带与桥梁，在社会主义市场经济体制逐步建立、农村各项改革深入开展的今天，这庞大的事业单位群体内诸多弊端日益显见，机构设置散滥，公益性与经营性不分，公益性服务不到位，服务手段薄弱，服务意识不强、服务能力不高、服务效率低下，严重制约了推广事业的发展。 本文以经济学的公共产品理论为理论依据，以农业技术推广服务体系为研究对象，以南京市乡镇农业技术推广体系为实证，吸收了国外有关国家农业技术推广体系成功的经验，考察了我国农业技术推广服务体系和南京市乡镇公益性农业技术推广体系的发展历程，分析了南京市乡镇公益性农业技术推广体系的发展现状、障碍因素、对策等，以探索市场经济条件下乡镇公益性农业技术推广服务体系发展方向。 分析表明影响乡镇公益性农业技术推广体系的主要障碍因素有：公益性与经营性不分，经费短缺严重，农技人员素质不高，管理体制不顺等，由此提出要正确进行乡镇农技推广服务体系的功能定位，创新乡镇农技推广的体制和机制，提高农技人员的综合素质，建立完善乡镇农技推广的四大保障体系等建议。 文章指出乡镇公益性农业技术推广体系是政府提供公共品服务的一个最基本的载体，是政府和农民间的一座不可或缺的桥梁。稳定与发展乡镇推广机构和队伍，已经成为南京市乃至全国农村经济发展及国民经济全局的一个重大问题。同时农业技术推广体系中存在的经营性实体是特殊历史时期的产物，是公益性农业技术推广体系进行技术转移和得与生存发展的客观内在要求。随着市场经济的进一步发展，农业技术推广体系中原有的公益性职能和经营性职能要明确分开。更多还原

【Abstract】 Town Public Agricultural Technology Popularizing System, is an important carrier of developing agriculture by science and education, and it is the bridge of government and farmer. But in these days, with the foundation of socialism market economy system and unfolding of country reforms in every aspect, many shortcomings emerge in this huge enterprise group, such as institution setting not in perfect order, blending of the public and the operating, want of the public service, softness of its serving method, its unconsciousness, low level of its serving ability and its inefficiency. All these defects have been restricting the development of the popularizing project.We used public product theory of economics as the base, agricultural technology popularizing service system as the object, town agricultural technology popularizing system in Nanjing as demonstration, accepted some countries’ successful experience in this aspect, surveyed the developing history of our country included Nanjing city, and analyzed the developing status, restricting factors and their relating solving strategies to explore the orientation of town public agricultural technology popularizing service system under market economy.From analysis, primary factors that affect TPATPS were the blending of the public and the operating, the lack of fund, the ability of the technician and the management system etc. So four ensuring systems were suggested, and they were function orientation of town agricultural technology popularizing service system, innovation of town agricultural technology popularizing system and mechanism, improvement of the comprehensive ability of the technician and the establishment of perfect town agricultural technology popularizing system,,In this paper, tranquilizing and developing town popularizing institution and team will be good for the development of agricultural economy even national economy. Meanwhile, the operating entity existing in the agricultural technology popularizing system is the product of special history, the objective requisition for the popularizing and developing of the public agricultural technology popularizing system. With the developing of market economy, the public function and the management function existed in the agricultural technology popularizing system must be parted.更多还原