【作者】 王立鹤；

【导师】 钟甫宁； 常向阳；

【作者基本信息】 南京农业大学 ， 国际贸易， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 城市化人类社会发展的必经阶段，是社会进步的一个标志。近年来，全世界对城市化有了更为积极的认识，并将其视为不发达国家谋求发展的必要条件，促进经济增长的有效手段。在我国当前阶段更被公认为是解决当前有效需求不足，农村剩余劳动力转移，提高农业劳动生产率的有效手段。那么怎样推进城市化，以及选择什么样的城市化道路成为新时期所面对的重大课题，这其中的一个焦点问题是中国的城市化是应该走小城镇优先发展的道路，还是大城市优先发展的道路。 在城市化发展战略选择中，以下三个方面将是必须考虑的基本问题：一、城市的吸纳能力，即城市所能吸纳外来人口的数量。二、城市对所吸纳人口的利用效率，即城市的持续吸纳能力问题。三、成本。既城市为吸纳外来人口所要在基础建设、生活服务、城市资源等方面付出的成本。本研究就以江苏省为例实证分析了江苏省大城市和小城镇吸纳外来人口能力与效率上的差异。 通过本研究的实证分析，我们可以看到：江苏省大城市和小城镇在吸纳外来人口能力与效率方面存在显著的差异。第一，从经济发展水平和经济发展为外来人口流入创造的条件上看，江苏省大城市的经济发展总体水平远远高于小城镇。同时，大城市经济发展为外来人口流入创造的条件也优于小城镇。第二，从人口状况和城市对外来人口的利用效率上看，大城市在人口总体规模，人口密度，外来人口规模，外来人口密度等方面都优于小城镇。并且，外来人口对大城市贡献高小城镇，即大城市对外来人口的利用效率高于小城镇。第三，从城市吸纳外来人口所要付出的成本因素考虑，大城市的土地利用效率高于小城镇，生活用水的利用效率低于小城镇，二者资金和环保成本差异不显著。第四，通过以上三个方面的分析，我们还了解到小城镇内部差异较大。一些发展较好的特色小城镇具有大城市所无法比拟的优越性。第五，江苏省无论是大城市还是小城镇都处在规模递增阶段，今后城市规模的进一步扩大，将有利于“规模效应”和“集聚效应”的发挥。 可见，在城市化发展战略的选择上，应该走以大城市为主的道路。同时，应该发展一些具有特色优势的小城镇。进一步扩大城市规模，取得规模效应也是提高城市吸纳外来人口能力与效率的有效途径。此外，在城市发展要注重节约土地、资金、水等资源，注重环境保护。 本研究主要运用了计量分析与统计分析相结合的方法，分析了江苏省大城市与小城镇吸纳外来人口能力与效率上的差异.由于江苏省具有与我国东西部发展发展不平衡特征相似的苏南、苏北发达地区与落后地区的并存现象.所以，本研究的结果在一定程度上能反映出全国的状况。更多还原

【Abstract】 Urbanization is a symbol and an imperative stage in the social development. Recently, Urbanization is positively believed to be the essential part for the pursuit for development of the developing countries . In China, it is deemed as the effective way to promote the demand , accelerate the rural labour movement ,and improve the agricultural productivity . Then , How to speed up the urbanization , where is the best place to migrant the rural labour ,big cities or small towns, has become a big problem facing us.In the choice of the urbanization strategy , the following three basic aspects should be considered . First , the absorbing capability . That is , How many migrant can be absorbed hi the economics development. Second , the absorbing efficiency . That is , whether the city can use the migrant it absorbed effectively or how much do the migrant contribute to the city . Third , absorbing cost. That is , how much or many the city has to pay for the absorption for land , money , water , and environment. The paper focuses on these , and makes an comparison between big cities and small towns in Jiangsu Province.Through the empirical analysis , we learn that : it is obviously different in the migrant-absorbing capability and efficiency between big cities and small towns . First, big cities are better than small towns in the whole economic level and the migrant-absorbing capability . Second , big cities surpass small towns in the whole population , the population density ,migrant quantity , migrant density etc. And big cities make better use of the migrant than small towns . Third , As far as the absorbing cost is concerned , big cities take better advantage of earth , mall towns tale better advantage of water , and they use money and pay for environment similarly . Forth , some special small towns has the advantages that no big cities posses . However , on the other hand , some small town are developing very bad , which make the difference inner the small towns are very big. Fifth , both the big cities and the small towns in the stage of scale-increase , which means that with the further expansion , they will benefit a lot from the "scale effect" and "cluster effect".We can learn that, in the choice of urbanization strategy , we should choose the big city . At the same time , some special small towns should be developed too . Urbanexpansion is an effective way too . What is more , we should pay attention to the use efficiency of earth, money, water, and the protection of environment. The thesis analysed the difference in migrant absorbing capability and efficiency in Jiangsu province empirically . Because Jiangsu province is similar to the condition is the whole country , which is imbalance between the east part and the west part, in the imbalance between the "Sunan"and the "Subei" , the results of the theses can reflect the condition in the whole country .更多还原