【作者】 陈文；

【导师】 向阳； 李泽琴；

【作者基本信息】 成都理工大学 ， 地球化学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以岩心资料和油田地质资料为依据，以实验分析为主要手段，对本区进行储层损害评价。对研究区做如下实验研究：注水井吸水层速敏评价，拟确定注水井合理的注水速度和日注水量，并对注水井的日注水量作出评价；注水井吸水层的水敏及盐敏评价，确定吸水层的水敏性质，注入水的合理盐度；注水井吸水层的岩石结构、组成、岩性分析测定，分析吸水层储层损害的潜在因素和可能造成的损害机理；注入水水质分析，拟分析找出注入水所引起的吸水层损害机理和损害程度；全模拟油田注入水对储层岩石造成的损害程度，根据上述评价试验，提出王27断块注水井吸水层储层损害的机理和损害程度，提出注水中应注意的问题和防止注水伤害的措施与手段，主要研究结果为： 1、模拟钻完井工艺实验表明，钻井工作液滤液、固井水泥浆滤液和射孔工作液对产层或吸水层造成了损害，其总损害率为地层水渗透率的55％至60％，随物性变差，损害率呈增大的趋势； 2、速敏评价认为，本区储层临界流速为0.5ml／min至0.75ml／min，折算成单井的日注水量(吸水层厚度按20米计算)为18m~3／d至28m~3／d。 3、本区吸水层为中等水敏性储层，实验确定的入井液临界盐度为1.6万mg／L。 4、回注污水水质分析表明，污水中含油量、固相颗粒含量、粒度中值的严重超标达20至156倍，这是造成吸水层损害的关键因素。 5、本区为酸敏性储层，常规土酸解堵，只要充分返排，且返排恰当，对解除产层的损害是有效的。但是酸化后的不返排工艺，未能解除污染，反而会造成吸水层的二次损害，也是水注不进的原因之一。 储层经钻完井损害、强采强注造成的速敏损害、注入清水造成的水敏、回注未经任何处理的污水对吸水层造成的损害叠加，显然是本区注水井不能正常注水，注不进水的根本原因，应当引起现场的充分重视，否则产量将继续递减，直至无油产出。 提出污水回注中污水处理的方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 By use of the date of the core and geology of oil well, the paper is focus on the use of the method of experiments to evaluate the reservoir damage.Some experiments had been done according to the aim area, there are as follows: evaluate the sensitivity of speed of injection well’s absorbing layer, confirm the rational speed of water injection and daily quantities, evaluate the daily quantities of water injection, evaluate the sensitivity of water and salt, confirm the absorbing layer’s character of the sensitivity and water’s reasonable salinity; analyse and determine the structure, constitute, lithology of the rock’s absorbing layer of the injection well; analyse the latency factors which cause the damage to the absorbing layer as well as the damage mechanism which is likely to occur; analyse the water quality of water injection, analyse and find out the damage mechanism which is caused by water injection, and the damage degree. Completely simulate the water injection of oil field and using it review the damage degree to the reservoir’s rocks. Bases on the evaluation experiments above, put forward the damage mechanism and the damage degree of the reservoir damage in the break cake of Wang 27,bring forward what questions must be noticed in the cause of water injection and the measures and means to prevent from damaging. The results indicate that:1.The experiments of simulating drilling and oil recovery technology indicate that: the absorbing layer is really damaged by using well drilling filtrate muddy, well cementing filtrate, perforating filtrate ,The total rate of damage is ranged from 55% to 60% of the primary permeability of formation water, and it became large with the physical feature getting worse.2.the evaluation of sensitivity of speed indicate lhat: the critical velocity of flow of the reservoir in this section is from 0.5ml/min to 0.75ml/min, which is transformed to the daily qualities is from 18m3/d to 28 mVd.3. In this area the sensitivity of water is middling, the critical salinity is 16000mg/L4.The water quality of the injection sewage indicates that the suspend oil, solid particles, granularity median which contained in the sewage go beyond standard seriously, they even reach about 20 to 156 times of the standard, these are key factors which cause the damage of the absorbing layer.5.the reservoir of this area is sensitive to acid, general acid can be used to dispel the damage zone, and it’s effective if the acid can be flow back completely and correctly. But it hadn’t been done after acidization, it caused the second damage to the absorbing layer, it’s one of the reasons why the water can’t be injected.The damage which be caused during the well-drilling, oil recovery, water injection and the unsettled sewage return injection are clearly the ultimate reasons why the injection wells were not able to be injected normally. And at last, coming up with the methods to deal with the sewage water and the measures and means to prevent from damaging.更多还原