【作者】 杨蓓；

【导师】 罗益民；

【作者基本信息】 西南师范大学 ， 英语语言文学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本?本文探讨作者玛丽·雪莱通过《弗兰肯斯坦》阐述得出的关于十九世纪早期中产阶级家庭价值观念方面的观点的复杂性和矛盾性。她一方面赞成沃尔斯通克拉夫特关于家庭每个成员应达到真正意义上的平等的主张，另一方面却对这种平等主义能否实现表示怀疑。她深入剖析了并存于当时中产阶级家庭文化的排他性和包容性，指出利己主义是其根本特征，也是无法在家庭内部实现平等主义的根本原因。 第一章首先对《弗兰肯斯坦》自1818年问世以来获得的评论作出了简要的回顾和总结。该小说的批评方法和角度很多，并不断更新发展，1985年以后女权主义批评占据了主要位置。然后概述了作者玛丽·雪莱的生平，指出她的生活对其作品产生的重要影响。 第二章分析了平等主义在中产阶级家庭存在的必要性。从隐形性着手，指出小说中不仅仅是怪物，弗兰肯斯坦，弗兰肯斯坦家里的所有女性以及沃尔顿的姐姐在内的许多人实际上都处于隐形状态之中。这种家长制和女主内、男主外的制度造成的隐形状态压抑了人的个性，无法认识自我和真实的世界，还形成了家庭成员之间，比如父母与子女，男性家庭成员与女性家庭成员之间的精神交流障碍，对悲剧的发生有不可推卸的责任。 第三章从中产阶级家庭结构出发，指出这种基于社会契约关系建立起来的家庭模式存在着由财产多少决定的不平等关系是物质性的。小说中弗兰肯斯坦家庭实际上是由感恩还债的关系维系的，不仅内部岌岌可危，还使弗兰肯斯坦、怪物以及弗兰肯斯坦家里的女性沦为了这种关系下的牺牲品。 第四章从雪莱所处的特定历史语境出发，分别对小说中的三个家庭作了另一角度的分析。指出在当时的社会条件下，婚姻关系受到了金钱的冲击，很有可能沦为可用金钱自由买卖的商品。同时，家庭关系存在着的排他性和包容性特征表明，十九世纪早期中产阶级家庭文化的本质特征是利己性，它也是家庭平等主义无法实现的根本原因。更多还原

【Abstract】 The present thesis means to explore the complexity of and inherent contradiction in Mary Shelley’s view concerning the values of the bourgeois family in the early nineteenth century. On the one hand, she agrees with what her mother advocates that every family member should enjoy the equality within the family; on the other hand, she casts doubt on the realization of the egalitarianism. She goes on analyzing the exclusivity and inclusivity lying in her contemporary bourgeois family culture, noting that the self-interestedness is the essential in the culture, and also the source contributing to the failure of the realization of egalitarianism.The first chapter makes a brief review of the criticism Frankenstein has received since its publication. There is a wide range of critical approaches, but after 1985, the primary criticism turns to be Feminism. Then, the chapter makes a brief introduction of Mary Shelley’s life, and pointing out the important connection of her life and Frankenstein.The second chapter devotes on the necessity of egalitarianism applied to the bourgeois family. It begins with the invisibility, pointing out that not only the monster, but also Frankenstein, all the females in his household as well as Walton’s sister are in fact in the state of invisibility. The invisibility, resulting from the patriarchal system and also the division of public and private spheres, represses one’s individuality and set barriers to understanding the self and the real world, meanwhile getting in the way of the communication among the family members, which contributes a big part to the happening of the tragic fate.The third chapter starts with the structure of the bourgeois family, noting this family mode based on the social contract forms the hierarchal relationship within the family decided by the amount of the property, which is materialistic. In the novel, Frankenstein’s family is established mostly on the family indebtedness, which makes victims of Frankenstein, the monster and the women in Frankenstein’s household.The fourth chapter studies the bourgeois family by placing the novel’s families intheir contemporary political context. Under such circumstances, Shelley observes that domestic affections are vulnerable to the influence of the money, in some cases can be reduced to the commodity sold in the market. At the same time, the coexistence of inclusivity and exclusivity in the bourgeois family proves that self-interestedness is the essential characteristic of the family mode, and also the source contributing to the failure of realization of egalitarianism in the bourgeois family in the early nineteenth century.The conclusion part makes a brief review of the former chapters, and reiterates Mary Shelley’s complicated view on the egalitarian bourgeois family.更多还原