【作者】 任均尚；

【导师】 张明富；

【作者基本信息】 西南师范大学 ， 专门史， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 对边疆民族区域的统一与开发是清前期历史的重要特征，贵州苗疆是众多区域中目前研究较为薄弱的一个。本文运用历史学、经济学和民族学的方法，试图通过对清前期贵州苗疆的经济开发及其影响的论述，总结出自己对历史时期西部开发中的经验教训的一点认识。 文章从经济开发的背景、开发主体的类别和作用、开发客体的特征、开发的措施和内容等方面分析清前期贵州苗疆经济开发的全貌，指出清前期武力开辟贵州苗疆引起的重大社会冲突和雍正以后清王朝经济发展、人口剧增，内地民人纷纷向新辟边疆进发共同组成了清前期贵州苗疆经济开发的历史背景；作为政府主导下的经济开发，屯兵、客民和当地以苗族为主的少数民族人民共同组成了贵州苗疆的直接开发主体；分析了经济开发的客体，即清前期的贵州苗疆的行政区划，地理位置、自然地貌、气候条件、资源物产等特征；梳理了设立屯田，发展农业、林业和矿业、商业以及整治交通等五个方面的经济开发主要内容。 文章探讨了清前期贵州苗疆经济开发的影响，既包括贵州苗疆的人口增长、农业、手工业、商业和城镇的重大发展以及促进了民族的交流与融合等积极影响，同时也包括经济开发带来的消极影响，认为民族隔离政策实际上使当地民族在与外来民人的经济开发竞争中，处于弱势，土地集中到客民手中，为苗疆社会积累了新的矛盾：民族歧视政策难以为苗疆经济开发提供良好的政治环境。 全文最后从清前期贵州苗疆经济开发思考历史时期西部开发的经验教训，认为在西部开发中经济开发与政治巩固互为前提，充分发挥政府的作用，发展特色产业和重视移民是历史时期西部开发成功的重要经验；同时要吸取教训，不能单纯地在开发中实行对内地经济方式的低水平复制；要防止民族歧视和隔离，走民族团结、民族平等、各民族共同繁荣之路。更多还原

【Abstract】 The unity and development of the national area in the borderland was an important characteristic of the earlier Qing Dynasty. The study of Miao Area is comparatively weak at present. The dissertation summarizes the historical experiences and lessons in the West development by the study of the economic development of Miao Area and its influence, under the guidance of Marxism historical materialism and dialectical materialism, with the methodology of history, economics and ethnology.A panorama to the economic development of Miao Area is provided: background, subjects, objects, measures and contents of the economic development. Background: Qing Government’s military exploration of Miao Area, social conflict aroused by the exploration; economic development, population increasing, inland people’s migration to the borderland after Yongzheng King. Subjects: station troops, flowing labors and local Miao people. Objects: administrative division, geographical situation, natural physiognomy, climax and natural resources. Contents: opening up wasteland by station troops, developing agriculture, forestry, mining industry, trade and transportation.The economic development of Miao Area brought profound influences: population increasing, quick development of agriculture, handicraft industry, trade and cities and towns, and national reunification. It also caused some negative results: national segregation induced national contradiction in Miao Area; lands were converged to the flowing labors; national discrimination hindered economic development.The dissertation ends with the reflection of experiences and lessons of the west development in history. In the west development economic development and political strengthening should be correlated, the government should play its role, and more importance should be attached to the development of distinctive industries and migration. Moreover, in economic development low-level duplication of the inland ways of developing should be avoided; national discrimination and segregation should be prevented. We should continue to forge ahead on the road of National Unity, National Equality and Mutual Prosperity of all Nations.更多还原