叙事何为？—新时期以来的叙事批评

【作者】 蒋涛涌；

【导师】 王达敏； 王宗法； 王文彬； 张器友；

【作者基本信息】 安徽大学 ， 中国现当代文学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 出于对当下叙事状况的忧虑，本文提出了“叙事何为”的追问。 九十年代末，文坛出现了名噪一时的“另类写作”。这类叙事以其全然不同于以往的话语方式、美学方式以及文本中展示的全异的生活方式在文坛掀起阵阵轩然大波。本文首先着重分析“另类写作”的最有代表性的文本《上海宝贝》，指出这是一部情欲文本，它将“性”进行文学包装后再出卖，是一种商品化行为。但本文不讨论“性”文学的商品化在所谓“后现代”里的合法性，它试图讨论的是“性”为何能突破一定社会历史的禁忌成为叙事渲染的对象。在与历史的联系中，笔者发现“性”被叙事注意和铺陈并非所谓“后现代”才有，从这样的联系中，笔者得出这样的结论：“性”是社会风习最灵敏的感应器，一旦条件适合，它会首先挣脱相应社会历史的道德伦理樊篱，决堤而出，畅行无忌，“另类写作”就是在这样的背景下产生的。 循着这样一个思路，本文大致梳理了新时期以来的文学走向，发现二十多年来的文学发展历程恰恰又是一个不断摧毁价值体系的过程：它先是在八十年代中后期的那场否定运动中消解了超越、意义、价值、深度、理想等终极关怀话语，继而又在新写实的“零度”叙事中否定了存在的意义，而当一切有意味的东西都遭解构之后，叙事只能在百无聊赖的当下捕捉中锁定身体。沉沦是“另类写作”的实质。更多还原

【Abstract】 Out of the concern for the present research on narration, the paper thus makes the request, "At what is narration directed?"The late 1990s once witnessed a well-known literary trend called "Odd Writirg ",which caused great disturbance in the contemporary literary circle due to its unusual discourse pattern and aesthetic mode as well as the peculiar lifestyle embodied in the text. And this paper contributes much on the analysis of the representative of the trend, " Shang Hai Baby " , pointing out that it is an erotic text in that "sex " here is packed and sold in a literary disguise, thus a totally commercial act. But instead of discussing the legitimacy of the commercialized "sex" literature as aqainst a post-modernist background, the paper tends to explain why "sex " can break through some social taboos and comes to be the focus of narration. In fact, it is not a phenomenon exclusive to post modernism. Diachronically, we find that "sex" in most sensitive to social changes. When a social value system collapses, "sex" will first break loose the old moral restrictions, going along in a free way. And "Odd Writing" emerges just accordingly.Consequently, the paper makes a general survey of the literary tendency in the new era with the conclusion that the literary development in the past twenty years is nothing but a continuous process of destroying the existing value systems: It first in the mid and late 80s dissolves such discourses as transcendance, significance, value profundity ideals , and then denies the necessity of Being in the "zero" narration of the new realists.However when all meanings are deconstructed, narration will put attaion on the body.The spiritual crisis of the era is the background of "Odd Writing ", and decadence is its essence .更多还原