孙中山的文化思想

【作者】 王渊；

【导师】 汤奇学；

【作者基本信息】 安徽大学 ， 专门史， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 孙中山先生(Dr. Sun Yat-sen)的文化思想是在独特历史条件下产生形成的，它是近代中国社会历史运动的观念反映，中国近代的民族危机和社会发展的需要，决定了孙中山必须对中西文化进行选择与改造，也决定了孙中山文化思想的博杂，形成了自己的特色。 在孙中山的文化思想中，既有接受中国传统文化的一面，又有吸收西方文化的一面，将中华文化置于近代世界文化的广阔背景中，判断其价值，以定其取舍与改造之途。孙中山主张抛弃惟我独尊的观念，摒弃传统文化中的腐朽成分，学欧美之所长，再创中国新文化。为此，他拿来了社会进化论，将其融入于中国传统道德思想中，认识到文化是进化的，是随着社会的发展不断发展，而不适应时代发展的文化必将为社会所淘汰，因此，对中国“固有的道德”进行改造刻不容缓。同时，孙中山也认识到文化是社会发展的基础，高度重视精神文化的力量，重视人才的教育培养，主张在中国建立一个具有高度物质文明和精神文明的大同理想社会，再创昔日辉煌。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Culture of Dr. Sun Yat-sen was developed in the peculiar historical environment. It was a reflection of the evolution of history in the modern China. It was decided by the national crisis and the development of the society that Sun Yat-sen must select and rebuild the culture from both the east and the west, and the multiplicity and uniqueness of his culture were also derive from them.The culture of Dr. Sun Yat-sen was the combination of Chinese traditional culture and west culture. He parked the Chinese culture in the background of the modern world culture and judged the values so as to make sure whether to accept or to rebuild. Dr. Sun Yat-sen claimed to discard the self-centeredness and the rubbish of the traditional culture, and to extract the strongpoint of the Occident and combine the soul of both the cultures in order to rebuild the tradition, renovate the concept and reproduce the new culture of China.So he combined the evolutionism of Darwin into the Chinese traditional moral ideas. He realized that culture was evolved all the time, and was not fixed but was developed with the society. He thought that the culture which was not fit for the development of the times must be washed out by the society, and the rebuild of the Chinese moral should be done at once. Dr. Sun Yat-sen realized the culture was the basic of the development of society, and paid much attention on the power of sprit and culture, made much of the education for talents. He claimed to build an ideal society with Great Harmony and with high quality of both material and spiritual civilizations to rebuild the yore of resplendence.更多还原