【作者】 陈小朴；

【导师】 曾育星；

【作者基本信息】 广东工业大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 嵌入式系统是一种以应用为中心，以计算机技术为基础，软硬件可裁剪，适应对功能、可靠性、成本、体积、功耗严格要求的专用计算机系统。随着计算机软硬件技术的迅速发展，嵌入式系统技术日趋成熟和完善，其可靠性高、性能强、功耗低等优点促使它在工业控制、交通管理、环境检测等众多领域中获得了广泛的应用。 本文结合开发项目“铣床嵌入式数控系统SDS9-3CNCD的研制”，在深入研究嵌入式系统技术的基础上选择具体的硬件平台和软件平台进行铣床嵌入式数控系统的研发，硬件结构以高性能低功耗的32位嵌入式处理器S3C44BOX为核心，配以系统所需的外围模块；软件系统以源码公开的uC／OS-Ⅱ实时嵌入式操作系统为核心，开发系统所需的应用软件，将uC／OS-Ⅱ实时嵌入式操作系统扩展为一个完整、实用的铣床嵌入式数控系统。该系统不仅具有可靠性高、稳定性好、功能强的优点，而且具有良好的可移植性和可裁剪性，便于根据实际需求进行功能的扩展和裁剪。本论文的主要研究内容如下： (1)研究uC／OS-Ⅱ实时嵌入式操作系统在硬件平台上的移植及其占先式内核的任务调度原理，合理分割铣床控制系统的管理任务，根据任务的要求赋予不同的优先级和调度时间，保证任务的执行效率和实时性； (2)开发底层设备驱动程序和应用程序接口(API)函数，以便于进行系统应用软件的开发； (3)深入研究FAT16文件系统的结构和固态盘的硬件特性，参照FAT16文件系统的管理思路，开发固态盘文件管理软件以有效管理NC代码文件； (4)深入研究由ARM主控板、键盘板、I／O控制板、编码器信号采集板等装置组成的串口通讯网络可靠通信的模型及其通讯协议，开发串口通讯网络通信软件； (5)研究字符的显示原理和在操作系统中嵌入字库的方法，在此基础上结合汉字的特性深入研究中文字库的嵌入方法，开发中文字库嵌入软件，满足开发操作界面的信息要求； (6)深入研究三维图形坐标变换的原理，开发实用的三维加工轨迹显示软件，便于操作者对零件的加工过程进行监控和诊断。 最后，本文总结了系统的开发工作，提出了系统需要继续完善的地方，以作为后续研究工作的参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Embedded system is a kind of special application-oriented computer system. It is based on computer technology and can meet the strict requirement of function, reliability, cost, volume, and power consumption by adjusting its hardware and software. With rapid development of hardware technology and software technology of the computer, embedded-system technology is getting more reliable and perfect step by step. At present, embedded system has been widely used in many fields such as industrial control, traffic control, and etc, because of its high reliability, high performance, low power consumption and so on.Combined with the project research and development of embedded NC system of Milling machine SDS9-3CNCD, and based on in-depth study on technology of embedded system, this dissertation chooses specific platform of hardware and software to research and develop the embedded NC system of milling machine. The kernel of hardware is the 32-bit embedded CPU S3C44BOX with characteristics of high performance and low power consumption. And it is also equipped with the required peripheral modules to extend itself to one whole hardware system. The software is based on uC/OS-II real-time embedded operating system, and the required application software needs to be developed so as to turn uC/OS-II real-time embedded operating system into one practical embedded NC system of Milling machine, which not only has virtues of high reliability, high performance, but also can be transplanted and trimmed so well as to modify function conveniently according to system requirement. The following are the main research contents of the dissertation.(1) On the basis of in-depth research on the contents how to transplant uC/OS-II real-time embedded operating system into hardware platform and how tasks run in the preemptive kernel of uC/OS-II real-time embedded operating system, the management tasks of NC system of milling machine are assigned with reason. And then their priorities and scheduled time are also assigned according to the need of system so that efficiency of program and real-time requirement of task can be optimized.(2) Develop device drivers and API functions in order to meet the need of developing application software with ease.(3) Study deeply the structure of FAT 16 file system and the characteristic of flash disk, and develop the file management software of flash disk to manage NC files effectively according to the management idea of FAT 16 file system.(4) Research the module and protocol of reliable communication in serial network, which are composed of ARM main control board, DSP motion control board, keyboard board, I/O control board and encoder signal collection board, and then develop communication software of the serial network.(5) Study the principle of displaying char in LCD and the method of embedding font library into operating system, and research deeply the method ofembedding Chinese font library into OS in the light of the characteristic of Chinese. On the basis of that, the software of embedding Chinese font library is developed to meet the information requirement of developing operating interface.(6) Study the theory of three-dimension graphic conversion, and develop thesoftware of displaying the three-dimension machining track, which providesthe function that operator can watch over conveniently the machiningprocess.At last, the dissertation makes a summary of the work in the course of systemdevelopment, points out what the system needs to be improved, and offers thereference for following the development work.更多还原