【作者】 马君义；

【导师】 张继； 王一峰；

【作者基本信息】 西北师范大学 ， 植物学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文有以下五章组成： 第一章：文献综述 甘草是蝶形花科甘草属植物，有“十方九草”之说，“国老”之尊称，被喻为“抗旱的能手，斗沙的先锋”。作者通过对甘草在地理分布、医药、畜牧、食品、化妆品、工业、烟草业、维持生态平衡、初生代谢产物和次生代谢产物以及资源现状等方面的系统论述，明确了国内外的研究现状，确立了论文的立论依据。我们承担的甘肃省自然科学基金项目“甘草全成分的深度开发及综合利用”和甘肃省教委基金项目“优质资源植物—五种甘草的应用研究”，其研究目的，就是为甘草资源的深度开发利用奠定基础。 第二章：国产四种甘草挥发性化学成分的分析研究 作者采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取乌拉尔甘草、胀果甘草、光果甘草、刺果甘草根和叶的挥发油，运用毛细管气相色谱—质谱联用法结合计算机检索对其挥发性化学成分进行分析和鉴定，用气相色谱面积归一化法测定各组分的相对百分含量。经毛细管色谱分离出414个峰，并确认了其中376种化合物，确认化合物占总数的90.82％。首次报道了乌拉尔甘草、光果甘草、胀果甘草、刺果甘草根和叶的挥发性化学成分，为资源开发提供了一定的依据。 第三章：甘草总皂甙和黄酮类化合物的提取分离与测定 作者采用冷浸乙醇提取法对4种引种栽培的国产甘草根中总黄酮和总皂甙类化合物进行了提取分离，并且采用重量法和紫外-可见分光光度法对4种甘草根中总黄酮含量进行了测定和比较分析。研究表明，不同产地、不同生长条件、不同提取、测定方法以及同一产地、同一批次不同提取方法所得甘草总皂甙和总黄酮类化合物的含量不同。三种分光光度测定方法中，黄酮含量以直接测定法为较高，氯化铝显色法和硝酸铝显色法次之。四种甘草根总黄酮提取物中黄酮的含量依次为：乌拉尔甘草＞胀果甘草＞光果甘草＞刺果甘草；四种甘草根中总黄酮的含感门匕师葱大学闷眨J分学位论文工毛绍.义二国产四种户甘草砂屯生代谢产物的研究量依次为:光果甘草>乌拉尔甘草)胀果甘草>刺果甘草。该提取路线合理可行，提取比较完全，得率较高。第四章:乌拉尔甘草色素的提取及其稳定性的研究 本文对乌拉尔甘草色素进行了提取、分离、并对其稳定性进行了详细研究。结果表明:耐热、耐光性较高，在碱性介质中可稳定存在，为甘草色素的开发、利用提供了理论依据，使其成为食品、医药等领域使用的、良好的天然色素。第五章:甘草酸与灰绿黄茧DNA、延胡索乙素与乌拉尔甘草DNA相互作用的电化学和紫外一可见光谱初步研究 本文采用循环伏安法(CV)和紫外一可见光谱法(UV)对甘草酸与灰绿黄荃DNA、延胡索乙素与乌拉尔甘草DNA相互作用的机理进行了研究。研究结果表明，甘草酸、延胡索乙素能够与ONA发生较强的相互作用，其作用方式既有静电相互作用，又有嵌插作用，同时，其作用方式和甘草酸与灰绿黄荃DNA、延胡索乙素与乌拉尔甘草 DNA的浓度比有关。甘草酸、延胡索乙素起初与荷负电的DNA分子中的磷酸基发生了某种程度的静电吸附作用，导致自由状态的甘草酸、延胡索乙素浓度降低，从而使峰电流降低，光吸收减小，随着二者作用时间的延长和DNA量的增加，一部分甘草酸、延胡索乙素嵌插到双螺旋DNA分子的内部，形成一种非电活性物质，导致峰电流降低、峰电位偏移、光吸收减小。更多还原

【Abstract】 Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., G. inflata Bat., 6. glabra Linn, and 6. pallidifiora Maxim, are Glycyrrhiza genus plants which belong to Fabaceae family. As the saying goes, "nine in ten prescriptions by Chinese herbalist doctors" the Glycyrrhiza, especially G. uralensis are known as "traditional Chinese medicine"; they also have the reputation of "the master-hand of anti-droughts, anti-sand and anti-winds". About the four Glycyrrhiza species in China, the author systemically summarized their studies in geographical distribution, medicament, livestock agriculture, food, cosmetic, industry, tobacco, ecological balance maintaining, resource, plant primary and secondary metabolites in particular. Through the review, the author has got the idea of the general situation of the studies on the four Glycyrrhiza species in China, which gave us a base to start the subject. We have been working on the subjects "studies on the deep exploitation and synthetical utilization of the full ingredients about the Glycyrrhiza species" which was supported by the science fund of Gansu province and "study on the application of good resource plants -five species of Glycyrrhiza" which was supported by the fund of the education committee of Gansu, The purpose of the studies was to provide a solid and scientific proof for the further exploitation and utilization of them.Chapter II: Studies on the essential constituents from the roots and leaves of 6. uralensis, G. Mats, 6. glabra and G. pallidifioraThe essential oil from the roots and leaves of 6. uralensis, G. inflata, G. glabra and G. pallidifiora was obtained by steam distillation. The chemical components were separated and identified by GC-MS and elucidated on the standard mass spectral data. The relative content of each component in percentage was calculated by area nomolization. 414 peaks were separated and 376 compounds were identified, the identification rate was 90.82%. It is the first time that this kind of studies was reported and it provided a solid and scientific proof for the further development of them.Chapter III: Extraction and determination of total triterpene and fiavonoids constituents isolated from the four Glycyrrhiza speciesThe methods of extraction and separation of total triterpene and fiavonoids constituents from the four kinds of Chinese Glycyrrhiza roots have been studied. The contents of total triterpene and fiavonoids have been detected through the weight method. Meanwhile, the concentration of the total fiavonoids in the extraction were also determined by the ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry with three different methods. The results showed that the contents of total triterpene and fiavonoids varied with the population, the growing condition, the methods of extraction and separation, and even varied within the same population and group. Of the three methods, the concentration of total fiavonoids was higher by using the direct mensuration method, and the coloration method by AlCl3 and AI(NO3)3 was lower. Thesenquence of the total flavonoids contents in the crude extractions of the four species were G. uralensis, G. inflata, G. glabra and G. pallidifiora and that in the roots were G. glabra, G. uralensis, G. inflata and G. pallidifiora. The routes of the extraction and separation of total triterpene and flavonoids were quite suitable and the obtaining ratio was good.Chapter IV: Studies on the stability of pigment of G. uralensisIn this text, we mainly studied the extraction, separation and the stability on pigment of G. uralensis. The results showed that the stability of its pigment was good. It could endure heat and light, and exist in the medium of alkalescence. The research provided the basis for the development and utilization of pigment in G. uralensis. This pigment of G. uralensis will be a good natural pigment and be used in food and medicine.Chapter V: Electrochemical and UV-visible spectroscopic studies on the interactions between glycyrrhizic acid and the DNA from the leaves of Corydalis adunca, dl-tetrahydropalmatine and更多还原