【作者】 田友谊；

【导师】 涂艳国；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 教育学原理， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 培养学生的创造精神、开发学生的创造力是当代教育的重要目标之一。在我国大陆的班级制度下，班级是学校的基本组织单位，班级环境是学生在校生活的基本环境。学生创造力的培养，最终要落实到班级之中。究竟什么样的班级环境才有利于学生创造潜能的开发和创造力的培养?这是一个涉及教育学、心理学、社会学、卫生学、生态学等多学科的问题。什么是中小学班级环境?中小学班级环境的基本结构是什么样的?中小学班级环境中影响学生创造力培养的因素到底有哪些?这些因素是如何影响学生创造力发展的?如何创设一种有利于学生创造力发展的班级环境? 文章综合运用了历史法、文献法等多种研究方法，从三个部分探讨了中小学班级环境与学生创造力之间的关系问题。 第一部分对中小学班级环境进行了初步的探讨。在简要回顾有关已有课堂环境、班级环境研究的基础上，区分了课堂环境和班级环境，提出了对中小学班级环境内涵的理解，接着对班级环境的基本结构进行了分析，最后归纳出了班级环境的一些特点。 第二部分考察了中小学班级环境对学生创造力的影响。在简要梳理环境对创造力影响的研究的前提下，重点从班级物质环境(主要包括自然环境、设施环境和时空环境等三种子环境)和班级社会心理环境(主要包括人际环境、组织环境和情感环境等三种子环境)两大层面比较深入地探讨了中小学班级环境与学生创造力之间的关系。 第三部分对创设有利于中小学生创造力发展的班级环境问题进行了论述：改善自然环境、设施环境、时空环境等班级物质环境；树立民主型班主任领导方式，构建“我—你”新型师生关系，培养良好的同伴关系；营造安全、自由的班级社会气氛；建立创造性教师队伍。更多还原

【Abstract】 It is one of the most important goals of contemporary education to explore the creativity of the students. Class is the basic unit of the school and the foundational environment where the students live in. Cultivation of the students’ creativity should finally be put into effect in the class. Which class environment can be good to explore the creative potential and foster the creativity of the students? This is a new problem, which involves multiple subjects such as pedagogy, psychology, sociology, hygiene, ecology, and so on. What is class environment of primary and secondary school? How about its elementary frame? Which factors influence the creativity? How do these factors affect the development of the creativity? How to create perfect class environment to advance the development of the creativity effectively?To answer these questions, the paper uses several kinds of methods synthetically such as the historic research, the philological research, and tries to make the relationship between class environment and the creativity of the students clear and rational. Now it has three sections:The first section discusses class environment of primary and secondary school. Based on the brief review of the former research, this section distinguishes between classroom environment and class environment, puts forward the connotation of class environment, clarifies its elementary frames, and generalizes some characteristics.The second section focuses on the influence of class environment on the students’ creativity. Based on the influence of environment on the creativity,this section deeply analyses the relationship between class environment and the students’ creativity from two facets: physical environment and socio-psychological environment. Physical environment mainly includes natural environment, establishment environment, and space-time environment. Socio-psychological environment consists of interpersonal environment, organizational environment, and affective environment.The third section throws light on an ideal type of class environment that advances the development of the students’ creativity effectively. The measures are: to improve physical environment such as natural environment, establishment environment, and space-time environment; to build up democratic leading way of a teacher in charge of a class, to construct late-model "I-you" teacher-students relations, to foster favorable partnership; to form safe and free class social climate; and to train creative teachers.更多还原