【作者】 张莉；

【导师】 姚锐敏；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 行政管理， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 在不久前召开的第十届全国人民代表大会第二次会议上，温家宝总理在《政府工作报告》中谈到加强政府自身建设时指出：“全面推进依法行政。各级政府都要按照法定权限和程序行使权力、履行职责。所有政府工作人员都要学会并善于依法处理经济社会事务。”依法行政是依法治国的重要组成部分和根本保证，是现代法治国家里政府行使行政权力所普遍遵循的基本准则，在我国全面建设小康社会，全面建立社会主义市场经济体系，全面推进社会主义现代化建设的历史进程中，建设法制政府、实行依法行政显得异常重要和紧迫。对中国依法行政的现状进行分析，对中国依法行政的实现途径进行研究和探讨也显得十分重要和必要。 在我国，依法行政是历史发展到一定阶段的产物。我国到二十世纪80年代末提出依法行政的原则，决不是偶然的，这是政治经济发展的结果。1997年，配合依法治国的大讨论，依法行政的学理研究次第展开，每年都有大量的研究专著、教材、工具书等出版，据不完全统计，其总数目前已达700本。我国行政法学界在依法行政的研究方面主要取得了如下较大进展：(1)在行政组织法和公务员法研究方面取得了若干明显的成果，为80年代政府机构改革和公务员条例的制定提供了理论依据和实践方案；(2)突破了纯管理模式，提出了行政法制原则，行政监督和监督行政的理论；(3)加强了对监督行政理论、行政法律责任和行政救济理论的研究，对有关行政监察、行政复议和行政诉讼制度的基本原理、原则、方式等，展开了深入的探讨；(4)关于行政侵权责任的研究，在侵权归责原则、责任构成、责任主体、承担责任方式以及作为主要行政侵权责任形式的行政赔偿问题的研究上，取得了较多成果，《国家赔偿法》正是在行政法学界的这种扎实且富有成效的研究基础上制定出来的；(5)研究领域有了很大程度的拓展。主要研究领域包括行政法的基本理论，政府组织法、廉政建设、公务员法、行政立法、行政执法、行政司法、行政违法与行政责任、国家赔偿、行政法制保障部门、行政管理法、行政救济法、行政程序法等。还有对台港澳及外国行政法的介绍或评述。特别是在行政行为的研究方面，涉及蘑硕士学位论文入IASI王R’51’11五515到行政立法、行政许可、行政处罚、行政强制执行、行政裁判、行政合同、行政指导、行政程序等诸多课题;(6)研究深度有了较大发展。特别是在依法行政的理论基础、行政裁量权的法律控制、行政法的基本原则与功能、司法审查的原理与范围、具体行政行为与抽象行政行为的界限等专题研究上取得了某些突破。 本文以我国现存的依法行政状况为基本依据，系统地概括和总结了中国依法行政取得的重大进展、尚存的问题和障碍，研究探讨了我国依法行政的目标取向。该文从课题研究的角度具有以下三个方面的特点:一是研究视野比较开阔。本文从依法行政与市场经济的关系、与社会主义政治文明建设的关系、与中国加入wTO世贸组织的关系等三个方面，系统地阐述了中国实行依法行政的重要性和必要性;全面总结了中国在推进依法行政的过程中取得的成绩和问题，研究探讨了中国推进依法行政的有效途径。二是课题研究突出了行政执法这个重点和核心。依法行政要求行政立法、行政执法、行政司法都要依法进行，其关键环节是行政执法。本文用了大量篇幅阐述行政执法的有效途径。三是力求在依法行政的课题研究中有突破和创新，比如提出要建立完善行政执法责任制，以保障依法行政，并提出了理论基点和实施办法。更多还原

【Abstract】 At the tenth National People’s Congress second session held not long ago, Premier Wen Jiabao points out while mentioning strengthening government’s self-building in "government work report"," Move forward and administer the state according to law in an all-round way. The governments at all levels should all exercise power, fulfils the duty according to legaf authority and procedure. All government’s staff members want to learn and good at dealing with the economic social affairs in accordance with the law." It is important component and basic assurance of running the country according to law to administer the state according to law, it is that government’s administration exercises the basic criterion that power generally follow in the modern country governed by law, build the well-to-do society in an all-round way in our country, establish the system of socialist market economy in an all-round way, advance it in the historical process of socialist modernization drive in an all-round way, seem unusually important and urgent to administer the state according to law. It is very important and necessary to make an in deep analyses about the present situation of China administer the state according to law and to make research realization way that China administer the state according to law.In our country, it is the result that history developed into certain stage to administer the state according to law. Our country puts forward the principle of administering the state according to law by the end of the eighties, it is not entirely accidental; this is the result of political economic development. In 1997, cooperated with the free discussion of the administration of the country according to law, the scientific principle of administering the state according to law was studied and launched one after another, a large number of research treatises, teaching materials, reference books, etc. are published every year, according to the incomplete statistics, its total amount has already been up to 700 at present. The administrative law circles of our country have made the following greater progress mainly in research of administering the state according to law: (1) Have made several obvious achievements mainly in rules of organization of the administration and public servant law research, have offered the theoretical foundation and practiced thescheme to the reform in government organization and formulation of civil servant’s regulations of the eighties; (2) Break through pure management mode, propose administrative legal system principle, administrative supervision and supervise the administrative theory; (3) Strengthening the research of theory to supervision administrative theory , administrative legal liability and administration relieves the theory, To relevant administration’s controlling , administrative reconsideration and administrative litigation system basic principle principle way ,etc, have launched the deep discussion; (4) Research about the administrative liability for tort, encroach right and belonging to the responsibility principle, responsibility form, responsibility subject, bear responsibility way and as main administrative liability for tort administrative compensation research of issue of form, having made more achievements, "State Compensation Law" was just made out on this kind of sturdy and fruitful research foundation of the administrative law circles; (5) The research field has expansion to a great extent. The main research field includes the basic theories of the administrative law, government’s rules of organization, construction of a clean government, public servant law, the administration legislates, administrative law enforcement, administrative administration of justice, the administration breaks the law and compensates for the administrative responsibility, country, administrative legal system ensures the department, administration law, administration to relieve the law, administrative procedure law etc.. There are introduction or commentary t更多还原