【作者】 李雪良；

【导师】 张少雄；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 工程力学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 船体是由加筋板组成的薄壁箱形梁结构。船体梁的总体失效通常取决于甲板、船底板，有时候是舷侧加筋板的屈曲和塑性破坏。因此，对于衡量船体结构的安全性而言，对甲板、底板、舷侧板进行屈曲和极限强度分析是十分重要且必须的。对于加筋板而言，加强筋间的板格之局部屈曲和失效是最基本的失效模式。因此对组合载荷作用下加强筋间的板格的屈曲和极限强度的评估也很重要。 船体板的屈曲和极限强度取决于很多影响因素，主要有：板的几何尺寸、材料特性、载荷特征、初始缺陷(如初始变形和焊接残余应力)、边界条件以及腐蚀的影响、疲劳裂纹等。 作用在船体板上的载荷分量通常可以分为面内载荷和侧向压应力。面内载荷分为轴向压应力或拉应力、边缘剪切应力以及面内轴向弯曲应力。实际的船舶结构中面内载荷通常由船体梁的总纵弯曲或者船体梁的扭转引起。侧向压应力则由水压力和货物压力引起。 本文以船体板的屈曲和极限强度为研究目标，主要内容有： ·指出研究船体板屈曲和极限强度的意义和目的，简要回顾了国内外的研究现状。并提出本文的研究内容； · 考虑残余应力、侧向压应力、开孔和扭转约束对于板格的屈曲强度的影响，讨论了各个因素影响下的板格的屈曲强度计算公式。并通过有限元计算对屈曲强度计算公式进行了分析与比较； ·根据大变形理论，通过板的非线性控制微分方程的分析，得到了各种组合载荷情况下的板格的极限强度计算公式。并考虑初始缺陷对极限强度的影响； · 按照CCS “油船结构直接计算分析指南”(2004)对110，000DWT原油船进行有限元直接计算。针对各种规定的计算载荷工况，对该船船体结构进行了强度校核。并对其主要的船体板如甲板、底板、舷侧、内壳和纵横向舱壁板等板格进行了平板屈曲校核。更多还原

【Abstract】 The ship’s hull is a thin-walled box girder structure composed of stiffened panels.The overall failure of a ship hull girder is normally governed by buckling and plastic collapse of the deck,bottom,or sometimes the side shell stiffened panels.Therefore,the analysis of buckling and ultimate strength of ship panels in deck,boltom,and side shells is very important and necessary for the safety assessment of ship structure.In stiffened panels,local buckling and collapse of plating between stiffeners is a basic failure mode,and thus it would also very important to evaluate the buckling and ultimate strength interaction of plate elements under combined loads.The buckling and ultimate strength of ship plating normally depend on a variety of influential factors, namely geometric / material properties, loading characteristics, initial imperfections(i.e. initial deflections and residual stresses), boundary conditions and corrosion, fatigue cracking.The plating in ships is generally subjected to combined in-plane and lateral pressure loads.In-plane loads include biaxial compression/tension and in-plane bending and edge shear,which are mainly induced by overall hull girder bending and/or torsion of the vessel.Lateral pressure loads are due to water pressure and cargo.The aims of this thesis are buckling and ultimate strength.Its Main content is as follows: Emphasizes the significance and purpose of the research in buckling and ultimate strength,and reviewing the status in this field,and puts forward the research task; Analyzes and discusses the design formulations for the buckling strength of the ship plating,in which the influence of residual stresses, lateral pressure,cut-outs and rotational restrains is taken into account. According to the nonlinear governing equations of the large deflection plate theory,the ultimate strength formulations of the plate elementsunder combined loads are developed by taking into account the effects of initial imperfections. According to the FEA model of 110, 000DWT oil tank,the distribution of the stresses of the model in more than ten kinds of load cases is calculated.The structural strength of the ship is assessed.The buckling assessment of the main ship plating such as the deck,bottom,side shell,inner shell, longitudinal and transversal bulkhead is undertaken.更多还原