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基于机器视觉的麦田杂草识别方法研究

Research on Weed Detection in Wheatland Using Machine Vision

【作者】 王月青

【导师】 王一鸣;

【作者基本信息】 中国农业大学 , 农业电气化与自动化, 2004, 硕士

【摘要】 杂草是影响我国农产品质量和产量的重要因素之一。目前除草主要靠喷洒除草剂,而且是大面积的均匀喷洒。这种喷洒方法不仅提高了农业的成本,也破坏了土地的质量,污染了环境,不利于农业的可持续发展。大量的实验表明田间杂草的分布是不均匀的,因此就要研究一种变量喷洒的方法,即在有杂草的地方喷洒,在没有杂草的地方或杂草密度很低的地方就停止喷洒。为了实现变量喷洒,首要问题就是要实现田间杂草的实时识别。本文就进行了基于图像处理技术的麦田行间杂草的实时识别方法的研究。 本文的研究是在实验的基础上进行的,实验系统的结构为在运动的机车上安装摄像头,通过采集卡和计算机连接。机车放置在一长6米宽1.5米高1米的平行轨道上,轨道下面是土壤箱,种植小麦和杂草,模拟田间环境。机车的运动方向和运动速度通过电气控制箱进行控制。采集的图像在计算机中进行处理,处理的结果是图像中杂草的分布密度,以此来控制除草剂的喷洒。 本文主要进行了以下的工作: 1、图像的动态采集:在实验室里,采集模拟田间环境的运动图像。 2、图像的滤波预处理:采集的图像中往往有一些噪声,在进行图像处理前要滤除掉这些噪声。本文采用了邻域均值法对图像进行了滤波预处理。 3、绿色植物和土壤背景的分割:可以利用植物和土壤不同的颜色特征进行分割。首先用超绿色方法对图像进行灰度化,然后对灰度图像选择合适的阈值进行二值化,就可以实现绿色植物和土壤背景物的分割。 4、杂草和作物的分割:本文尝试了用位置特征法对杂草和作物进行快速分割,并统计出杂草的密度。

【Abstract】 Weed is one of the important factors, which damage the quality of the agricultural products. At present the method to weed is to spray the herbicide, and the means to spray is the well-distributed spraying. This method, not only improve the cost of agriculture but also damage the quality of field and pollute air. Study indicates that weed isn’t well-distributed, so we should find a variable-controlling spraying method. It is to spray in the region where there are weed patches, and to stop in the region where there are not. In order to do so, the first thing is to realize the detection of weed patches. In this paper we study the method to detect the inter-row weeds in wheat field.Our study is based on experiment, which is to fix the CCD camera in a vehicle which can move along a rail in the lab. The camera is linked with the computer. Under the rail is the soil box where weed and wheat are planted. The vehicle is controlled by the electric-control-box. The image is processed in the computer and the result is the density of weed in the image, which control the spraying of herbicide.In this paper we do such works:1.gather the dynamic-state-image in the lab ;2.pre-process the image to remove the noise ;3.partition the plant from the soil;4.partition the weed with wheat, and count weed density.

  • 【分类号】TP391.41
  • 【被引频次】8
  • 【下载频次】303
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