【作者】 刘鹏程；

【导师】 姜微波；

【作者基本信息】 中国农业大学 ， 农产品加工及贮藏工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究对承德市区内333位常住居民(心脑血管疾病患者219人，非患者114人)进行饮食及烹饪习惯问卷调查。通过对调查结果进行危害因子分析，发现使用铝制炊具显著地增加了脑血管病、冠心病和高血压等心脑血管疾病的发病率(OR值2.89～13.6)，使用铝制容器盛放剩余食物可以增加脑血管病和高血压的危险性，但增加幅度最大不超过1.1。使用不锈钢炊具可降低患脑血管病和高血压的危险性。使用铁锅与上述几种心脑血管疾病均无显著性关系。饮食习惯如饮水少、饮酒过多、摄盐过多也会导致患心脑血管疾病的可能性增加，但影响没有使用铝锅显著。喜食油炸食品对各类心脑血管疾病的发病率无影响。 另对承德市区内190个家庭的铝制炊具使用情况进行问卷调查，并对各家用铝制炊具进行铝溶出分析实验。实验结果表明，随着铝锅的使用时长增加，铝锅内铝的溶出量逐渐下降。从使用频率上看，每天使用、有时使用与偶尔使用的铝锅的铝溶出量之间均具有极显著性差异，且随着使用频率的递增，铝的溶出量递减。同为使用超过10年的铝锅，每天使用比偶尔使用铝的溶出量高出12.5倍。从使用目的上看，铝的溶出量从高到低依次为：煮水、煮奶、煮粥和煮米饭。煮奶锅、烧水分别与煮米饭、煮粥的锅的铝溶出量之间存在极显著差异，煮米饭锅的铝溶出量与煮粥锅的铝溶出量之间差异比较显著，煮奶与烧水的锅的铝溶出量之间无显著性差异。更多还原

【Abstract】 333 residents from Chengde, Hebei Province (including 219 cardiovascular cerebrovascular disease patients and 114 healthy people) were selected to fill out a dietetic and cooking habits investigation forms. Through case control study of the investigation objects, we found that using aluminum saucepan as cooking tool dramatically increased the incidence of cerebrovascular disease(CVD), coronary heart disease(CHD), hypertension(HT) (OR value: 2.89~13.6), using aluminum vessel could add incidence of CVD and HT a bit, and the largest extent of increasing was less than 1.1. Using stainless steel saucepan decreased the incidence of CVD and HT. Using iron saucepan had no related with the three kinds of diseases. In addition, being short of water, drinking excessively, and eating redundant salt would give more likelihood of getting this disease, but the likelihood was not as much as that of using aluminum saucepan. On the other hand, eating deep fry food would not increase the incidence of CCD.Otherwise we investigated 190 families which using aluminum saucepan to complete another questionnaire and carried through tests of boiling salt water in these aluminum saucepans. Results showed that dissolved quantity decreased with the time of using aluminum saucepan. On the fact of frequency, dissolved quantity between everyday, sometimes and occasionally used aluminum saucepan was dramatically different, and there was less aluminum dissolved quantity with the increasing of using frequency of aluminum saucepan. To the same aluminum saucepan used for over 10 years, aluminum dissolved quantity from aluminum saucepan used occasionally was 12.5 times that of used everyday. On the fact of using purpose, the aluminum dissolved quantity arranged from high to low as: boiling water, boiling milk, cooking porridge and cooking rice. Dissolved quantity of boiling milk aluminum saucepan or water were dramatically different from that of cooking porridge or rice. There was difference between cooking rice aluminum saucepan and cooking porridge aluminum saucepan, there was no difference between boiling water aluminum saucepan and boiling milk aluminum saucepan.更多还原