【作者】 许晓英；

【导师】 李季；

【作者基本信息】 中国农业大学 ， 生态学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本课题共进行了两次堆肥试验，分别于2003年8月10日在山西省太原杨家堡污水净化厂和12月28日在中国农业大学进行堆制。论文设计了接种和不接种复合微生物菌剂两种处理，以污泥高温好氧堆肥过程中理化指标和生物指标的变化规律两部分为主要研究内容，分析接种复合微生物菌剂是否可以缩短堆肥时间，提高堆肥效率。第一部分以温度、水分、pH值、C／N为主要研究技术参数，通过这些参数的变化判断污泥堆肥进程的快慢，以及堆肥是否达到腐熟。第二部分主要从生物指标的角度进行研究，根据微生物数量随堆肥时间的变化曲线，分析堆肥过程中不同微生物的种群演替规律并判断出堆肥过程中的优势种群，同时根据大肠杆菌数量和雪里蕻种子发芽指数的变化规律，分析污泥高温好氧堆肥对大肠杆菌的杀灭效率以及最后堆肥产品对植物是否具有毒性。 研究结果表明： 1．接种与不接种复合微生物菌剂的处理同时进入高温期，但是前者高温期持续时间相对较长。 2．以C／N为腐熟指标，实际条件下堆肥试验中接种复合微生物菌剂的处理提前3d达到腐熟。 3．物料中自带的微生物种类繁多，数量极大。细菌数量最大，约为10~8个／克干重，真菌数量次之，约为10~4个／克干重，放线菌相对较少。 4．无论是发酵前、发酵后或发酵过程中，细菌的数量总是最大；发酵后真菌和放线菌相对较少。 5．发酵过程中，细菌是优势种群，对发酵升温具有重大作用。 6．保证堆肥顺利进行的条件下，强制通风好氧堆肥对大肠杆菌的杀灭率可达100％。 7．室内模拟堆肥试验结束时，堆肥产品未达到腐熟，对植物生长仍具有一定毒性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Compost experiment had been done twice for this subject. The first experiment began in Aug 10 2003 in the Yangjiabao waste water disposal company in Taiyuan of Shanxi Province. The second experiment began in Dem 28 2003 in China Agriculture University. The paper designed two kinds of disposal methods which were disposal of inoculation of complex microbial inoculant and disposal of without inoculation of complex microbial inoculants. The paper studied the change of physical, chemical index and biological index in the process of aerobic compost with sewage sludge and discussed that whether the disposal of inoculation of complex microbial inoculants can reduce the time of compost and improve the efficiency.The first part took temperature, moisture, PH and C/N as the main technological index. Through those indexes the paper judged the pace of the course of compost and whether the compost is completely maturated. The second part studied the rule of community succession of various microbes and judged the superior community in the process of compost from the angle of microbe index, according to the curve of the number of microbe change with time. Meanwhile the paper analyzed the killing efficiency of sewage sludge of aerobic compost with high-temperature to coliform and whether the final product poisoned the plant. The research has showed that:1.Disposal of inoculation of complex microbial inoculants and the disposal of without inoculation of complex microbial inoculants are under high-temperature at the same time, but the high-temperature period of the former lasted longer than the later relatively.2.Disposal of inoculation of complex microbial inoculants maturated three days earlier than the disposal of without inoculation of complex microbial inoculants did in the practical compost experiment, taking the C/N as the maturity index.3.Microbe in the composting materials were various and in great number. Bacteria are in the greatest number which is about 108 CFU/g dry materials. The number of fungi is the second largest which about 104 are. The number of actinomyces is relatively small.4.No matter before the ferment or in the ferment or after the ferment, bacteria is in the largest number, the number of fungi and actinomyces is relatively small.5.During the course of ferment the bacteria is the superior community which plays a relatively important role in the calefaction for ferment.6.The killing rate of aerobic compost of compelled ventilation to coliform can reach 100% in the successful condition.7.At the end of the indoor simulative compost experiment, the compost product did not completely maturate and it was still poisoned to the growth of plant.更多还原