【作者】 唐春梅；

【导师】 彭高军；

【作者基本信息】 中国农业大学 ， 农业生物环境与能源工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本文在大量调查研究的基础上，针对目前我国牛舍发展落后的现状，针对北京地区，从成乳牛舍内饲养工艺—成乳牛舍建筑参数确定—成乳牛舍结构角度出发，选取轻型门式刚架牛舍作为研究对象，阐述了轻型门式刚架牛舍结构优化的理论和方法，并取得了一些结论。 本文从结构力学的角度出发，把目前广泛用于工业与民用建筑结构优化的方法用于成乳牛舍的结构优化，首次从饲养工艺的角度对牛舍的建筑参数进行了优选，对荷载的取值及组合进行了讨论，对结构用材进行了优选。 建立了牛舍结构优化的数学模型，利用有限元法和满应力准则法编制了程序，并用典型算例对程序进行了反复考核，证明了程序的可靠性。通过程序，对牛舍三种门式刚架结构在不同工况下进行了应力分析，分析了不同柱距、屋面坡度与结构受力及结构用钢量的关系，并用准则法中的浮动应力指数法对优选出的结构进行了截面优化，达到了降低结构用钢量的目标。最终得出了一种受力合理、施工方便的牛舍结构，为成乳牛舍的标准化设计和在我国推广提供了理论计算依据。 通过该课题的研究表明，通过优化设计所得的结果比使用传统设计方法所得结果有较大降低结构成本的效果，优化技术在结构设计中有很好的工程应用价值，本文的优化设计方法对类似的结构设计可以推广应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on large amounts of investigations on domestic dairy housings at present in Beijing and aimed at dairy breeding technology-dairy building parameters-dairy structure, this paper made the portal frame of light-weight steel structure in cowshed to be the researched case and elaborated the theories and methods of structure optimization of portal frame of light-weight steel structure in cowshed. At last, some conclusions were drawn.Proceeding from the structural mechanics, this paper used method which is widely used in structure optimization of industry and civil building to the structure optimization of dairy housing. It was the first time to choose the structural parameters of dairy housing according to the feeding technology, discussed the load values and combinations ,optimized the structural materials.The entire mathematical model of structure optimization of dairy housing was set. Computer programs were made with finite-element method and full-stress method. Some typical cases were drawn up and checked out to prove that the program was reliable. Stress which three portal frames of dairy housing bore under different conditions was analyzed and relations between different post distance, roof gradient and structure internal force capability and steel dosage were obtained. At the same time, the structural section was optimized with float stress exponent method to lower steel dosage. A kind of dairy structure which bore rational stress and was built easily was available to provide a scientific basis for the standard designing and popularization of dairy housing.The study indicated that the optimization designing decreased the structural cost comparing with the traditional designing. The optimization method has better foreground in structural design and can be applied in similar structure.更多还原