【作者】 彭柯；

【导师】 靳世久；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 精密仪器及机械， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 维护管道的安全运行，防止管道生产事故的发生是管道工业生产和管理部门一项很重要的工作。作为管道事故中最经常发生的泄漏事故一旦发生，不仅造成大量物质损失，泄漏的有毒化学物质还带来环境污染，更为严重地是有可能带来的人身伤亡事故。泄漏检测是维持管道正常生产运行的SCADA（supervisory control and data acquisition）系统的重要部分。管道泄漏检测是多领域、跨学科的课题，涉及到传感技术、微弱信号检测、信号处理等多个学科。目前，SCADA系统和管道泄漏监测系统已经在我国原油管道输送中越来越多的投入实际运行，但这两个系统各自独立、自成体系。本文对如何实现两个系统的融合以达到资源共享进行了探讨，研制了一套基于SCADA系统的管道泄漏检测与定位系统。本文主要进行了以下几个方面的工作：介绍了管道泄漏检测的方法，研究了基于SCADA的泄漏检测与定位系统的数据采集、数据传输、噪声处理等关键技术。对秦京线SCADA系统进行必要的硬件结构调整和软件修改。在保证原SCADA系统运行正常的情况下，解决二个系统的接口问题，提供能满足管道泄漏检测和定位系统技术要求的所需参数。采用有效的信号预处理措施，提高了所需信号质量和系统捕捉压力波微小变化的能力。利用虚拟仪器技术，设计了原油长输管线基于SCADA的泄漏检测与定位系统软件。它主要七个模块组成：数据通信模块、泄漏判断及报警模块、泄漏定位模块、历史数据分析模块、信息存档模块、参数设置模块、程序退出模块等部分。通过对泄漏检测与定位系统的现场实验和应用，验证了系统的可靠性和准确性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Maintaining pipelines’ safe run and preventing from pipeline leakage accidents have become one of the important tasks of pipeline industry manufacture and management departments. Pipeline leakage accidents not only cause great loss of material, but also pollute the environment; what’s more, it may lead to serious casualty. Pipeline leakage accidents occur frequently in recent years. In order to guarantee the pipelines work safely and minimize the losses caused by leakage accidents, the pipeline leakage detection and localization system has become an important part of SCADA system. Pipeline leakage detection is a multi-field object, which involved many subjects, such as sensor technology, subtle signal detection and signal processing. At the present time, SCADA system and pipeline leak detection system are used widely in our country crude oil pipeline transport. But these two systems are independently and each has a style in one’s own. How to realize these two systems integrated to share the resources are discussed in this paper, and a set of pipeline leakage detection and localization system based on SCADA system is developed. The main efforts accomplished can be summed up as the following aspects:1. The method of pipeline leakage detection is introduced. And key techniques of crude oil transport pipeline leakage detection based on SCADA system are studied, such as data acquisition, data communication, and noise processing. 2. It is necessary to adjust the hardware and software of the Qin-Jing crude oil pipeline SCADA system. On condition that the initial SCADA system runs normally, solve the interface problems of the two systems, and provide the qualified data need by pipeline leakage detection and localization system.3. With signal preprocessing method, the signal quality and capacity of capturing the pressure waves’ small change are also improved.4. Software of pipeline leakage detection and localization system based on SCADA system is designed with virtual instruments technology. The software part of <WP=5>the system consists of seven modules: data communications module, leakage judgement and alarm module, leakage localization modules, history data analysis module, information memory module, parameter setting module, and program exiting module.5. Experiments and practical run demonstrated the system well effect.更多还原