【作者】 丁峰；

【导师】 辛峰；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 化学工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 微乳体系作为一种高度分散的热力学稳定体系，其分散相胶束为纳米级，这一特殊的微环境能对化学反应产生一定的影响，例如能提高分析化学中被检测离子的灵敏度；在无机材料合成方面可用于制备高纯超细颗粒及纳米材料；在生物化学中能形成对蛋白质的保护作用及改变酶的催化效率；在有机液液两相反应中能对反应起强化作用等。本文应用微乳化方法进行ECH和TMAC的液液两相合成反应，探究该反应中进行微乳化的可行性方案，并配制微乳化体系。液液两相合成反应由于反应物间的相接触程度不佳，制约了反应的进行。微乳体系中油水两相间具有很大的相界面积，能改善两相间的接触，强化反应过程。分别在微乳化条件下和非微乳化条件下进行该合成反应，通过液相色谱分析和气相色谱分析联用的方法分别测定两种条件下不同反应时间的各物质的量，并将所得结果进行比较，实验结果证明微乳体系中的反应速率远高于非微乳体系，其原因在于微乳体系中极大的油水相界面积，而这一区域正好是反应物离子相互接触进行反应的场所，而且表面活性剂的静电效应也对反应速度的增加起了至关重要的作用。本文根据不同温度条件下各物质的量随时间的变化关系，还建立了微乳化条件下ECH和TMAC液液两相合成反应的动力学方程，通过实验数据拟合各动力学方程参数，得<WP=4>到微乳化条件下的反应动力学方程理论化模型。更多还原

【Abstract】 Microemulsion is a high-dispersed and stabilized thermodynamic system, where the micells produced by dispersed phase are in nanometer size. Such especial micro-environment can affect chemical reaction, such as enhancing sensitivity of detected ions in analytical chemistry, producing high-pure particulates and nano materials in the synthesis of inorganic materials, protecting protein and altering the catalytic efficiency of enzyme, intensifying some reactions in liquid- liquid phase .The liquid-liquid bi-phase synthesis reaction of ECH and TMAC was processed in microemulsion，include seeking feasible projects and putting up the microemulsion. In model reaction, because of poor contact of two liquid reactants, synthesis reactions are restricted in liquid- liquid biphase. Microemulsion has large interface area between oil and water phases, which could improve the interface contact and strengthen the reaction. We process liquid-liquid diphase synthesis reaction in microemulsion and in non-microemulsion respectively, measuring and comparing every matter’s molar quantity in different reaction time by combined analysis of LC and GC. The results proved that reaction rates in microemulsion are much higher than ones in non-microemulsion, the rational reason is the large interface area <WP=6>between oil and water in microemulsion, where the ions of reactants contact and react. In addition, surfactant’s electrostatic effect plays an important role in enhancing the reaction rates. According to the change between every matter’s molar quantity with time in different temperatures, we set up two kinetic equations of liquid-liquid biphase synthesis reaction of ECH and TMAC in microemulsion. Finally kinetic parameters are obtained and the theoretic model is established.更多还原