【作者】 刘彦琦；

【导师】 杜文亮；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古农业大学 ， 农业机械化工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 草地蝗虫吸捕机是一种采用物理方法防治草原蝗虫的新型植保机械。针对草地蝗虫吸捕机工作时，收集装置中的蝗虫有随气流带走等问题，展开了对收集装置的试验研究。在对蝗虫的物理特性、包括悬浮速度进行了测定的基础上，对收集装置进行了改进设计，选择了两类阻挡元件。探讨了两类阻挡元件的收集效果以及吸头口流速、挡板形状、挡板位置对可靠收集蝗虫的影响规律。在室内条件下，通过对收集装置内的流场和流速分布状况的测试与分析，结果表明：直挡板不适合该类收集装置；弯挡板是该类收集装置较理想的阻挡元件；且采用三段圆弧（R1=400，θ1=75°；R2=300，θ2=35°；R3=100，θ3=60°）构成的挡板，处于距收集装置中心右侧230mm处，吸头口流速为16m/s时，流场图和速度分布图最佳。试验中用干辣椒做了验证实验，当采用直挡板时收集率仅为49.8%，而采用弯挡板时收集率高达97.4% 。上述试验结果，可为草地蝗虫吸捕机收集装置的设计提供理论参考依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The pneumatic grassland locust trapping machine is a new kind of plant protecting machine which adopts physics method to prevent and control grassland locust. Aiming at the problem that the said machine is inefficient in locust collecting function. An experimental study was conducted to the collection device .First of all the physical characteristics of locust was on-the-spot investigated and the air stream velocity for suspension was tested .Then an innovated design of the collection device was completed and two type of blocking elements were designed :The collecting effectiveness of the two type of blocking element and the influence of the air stream velocity at the suction port ,the shape of the blocking plate ,and the position of the blocking plate on the collection function were approached .Based on the analysis of flow field and the distribution state of the air stream velocity in the collection chamber ,a performance test for the collection device was carried out .and the testing result indicates that the plane blocking plate is the suitable to this collection device ,while the bended blocking plate is an ideal blocking element .The flow field and the air stream velocity distribution appeared to be optimum when the No.2 blocking plate shape at the first section R1=400,θ1=75°, second section R2=300,θ2=35°, third section R3=100,θ3=60°and placed it at the position of 230mm apart from the center of collection chamber and the air stream velocity is 16m/s at the suction part .The testing result is verified to be sound by the experiment of dry hot pepper and the collecting rate is 49.8% for plane blocking plate and 97.4% for bended blocking plate .The achievement of this study may provide a theoretical basis for the design of collection device of pneumatic grassland locust trapping machine.更多还原