【作者】 刘建民；

【导师】 杜文亮； 赵卫东；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古农业大学 ， 农业机械化工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 草地蝗虫吸捕机是一种采用物理方法防治草原蝗虫的新型植保机械。针对草地蝗虫吸捕机吸捕率低、蝗虫在吸嘴内壁上撞击、破碎等问题，在对原直吸式吸嘴进行理论分析的基础上，结合蝗虫在吸捕时的跳跃躲避特性以及对蝗虫悬浮速度的实验测定，设计了吹吸式吸嘴。在实验室条件下对吸口风速、吹口风速、吹口倾角、吹口宽度等影响吹吸式吸嘴回旋气幕形成的主要因素进行了试验研究，测定了流场风速分布，并与直吸式吸嘴进行了对比试验。试验表明：(1) 吹吸式吸嘴可将吸口风速从原来直吸的20m/s降低为现在的14m/s，与具有相同吸口风速的直吸式吸嘴相比，其轴向、径向吸捕距离分别延长1.5~2倍，负压吸捕区增大2~3倍，能够对更大负压吸捕区范围内的蝗虫进行有效吸捕，提高吸捕率。(2) 在负压吸捕区相同的情况下，吹吸式吸嘴的吸口流量比普通直吸式吸嘴的流量减小30%以上，可减轻后续处理设备的负担。(3) 获得了影响回旋气幕形成各主要因素的合理参数以及轴向速度衰减规律。为草地蝗虫吸捕机的设计与改进提供了理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The pneumatic grassland locust suction trap machine which controls locust with physical method is a new kind of machine for plant protection. Aiming to the lower rate of suction trap and locust bumping against the suction mouth wall and smashing etc. the push-pull suction mouth was designed, based on the theoretic analysis of the previous direct suction mouth, and the jumping and dodging characteristics of the locust when they are sucked and measuring of locust’s suspension speed. The main factors e.g. the wind speed at the suction mouth and the blow mouth, the obliquity of the blow mouth, the width of the blow mouth which affect the form of the convolute air cover are studied. Comparing with the previous direct suction, the experiment results showed: (1) The wind speed of suction mouth was decreased from 20m/s to 14m/s, the axial and radial dimensions were extended 1.5~2 times of the previous suction trap dimensions, and the negative pressure suction trap field was enlarged 2~3 times of the previous negative pressure suction trap field, so the efficiency of suction trap will be greatly improved. (2) Under the condition of same negative pressure suction trap field, the flux of the push-pull suction mouth was decreased by above 30% than that of the previous direct suction mouth,, which can reduce burden of subsequent equipments. (3) The reasonable parameters of the convolute air cover and axial speed attenuation rule were found. The theoretical foundation is provided for design and improvement of the pneumatic grassland locust suction trap machine.更多还原