【作者】 王丽敏；

【导师】 尚士友；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古农业大学 ， 农业机械化工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文针对国内外普遍关注的湖泊富营养化治理问题，以内蒙古乌梁素海这一典型草型湖泊为研究对象，建立总氮控制模型，研究水草收割工程对乌梁素海氮元素的转移过程。总氮控制模型的建立可用来研究湖泊水体中氮的循环转化规律，确定水生生态系统的生物效应，搞清楚生态系统中物质与能量的流动及其转化关系，是认识湖泊生态系统的演化进程以及制定控制富营养化规划的理论根据。模型中共包含15个状态变量方程及17个辅助方程，对营养元素—氮在草型湖泊的各营养级（大型水生植物、浮游植物、浮游动物、鱼）之间的循环、水体中不同形态氮（有机碎屑氮、氨态氮、亚硝酸盐氮、硝酸盐氮）之间的转化及底质中氮营养盐的释放进行了定量分析。利用模型对残余水草量与其腐烂分解释放到湖泊中的氮量的关系进行了分析；在其它条件不变的情况下，每年水草收获量按5万吨计算，利用模型对连续收获水草5年与10年后湖泊底泥中总氮量的减少规律进行了分析，得出连续收获5年，可使湖泊底泥中总氮浓度降低20.11%，连续收获10年，可降低32.73%，这些分析为以机械化方式适度控制草型湖泊富营养化提供了理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Lake eutrophication is a serious problem all over the world. Taking the typical plant type lake— lake Wuliangsuhai as research object, the paper constructs a total nitrogen control model and studies the transfer course of nitrogen element of Lake Wuliangsuhai through hydrophytes harvesting project. The model will be used to study the circulation and transformation of nitrogen in water body of lakes, ensure the biological effect of aquatic ecosystem and know about the flow and transformation relationship between the substance and the energy in ecosystem. Meanwhile, it is the theoretical foundation to know about the evolution process of lake ecosystem and carry out the eutrophication moderate control plan.The model comprises 15 state variable equations and 17 assistant equations, which analyze the circulation of nitrogen element in nutrient levels that include the macro-hydrophytes, phytoplankton, zooplankton and fish. Meanwhile, the transformation of the different form nitrogen which includes organic detritus nitrogen, ammonia—N, nitrate—N, nitrate—N and the release of nitrogen element in sediment quality is described. The relationship between the quantity of remnant hydrophytes and the nitrogen quantity of release after hydrophytes dieing is analyzed. On condition that the other factors is invariable, if the harvesting quantity of hydrophytes is 50 thousand tons every year, continuously harvest hydrophytes for 5 years and 10 years, the concentration of nitrogen in sediment quality will decrease 20.11 percent and 32.73 percent respectively by the model calculation. Those analysis will provide theoretical foundation on eutrophication moderate control of plant type lakes by the mechanization way.更多还原