【作者】 陈源闽；

【导师】 赵清岩； 崔世茂；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古农业大学 ， 蔬菜学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 我国胡萝卜育种研究落后发达国家至少30年，虽然内蒙古农科院蔬菜所首次在国内利用胡萝卜雄性不育系育成了国产胡萝卜杂交种，但围绕胡萝卜雄性不育的相关基础理论研究尚十分滞后，很大程度上影响到新品种的选育速度。本课题针对这一问题，在利用雄性不育技术培育国产胡萝卜新杂交种的同时，开展了雄性不育胡萝卜主要经济性状遗传规律和杂种优势及配合力分析的研究，并在国内率先对胡萝卜雄性不育性的遗传特性、生长特点（主要指生殖生长）以及在形态学、细胞染色体等方面进行了进一步观察和研究。 试验结果表明：胡萝卜雄性不育性遗传类型有两种，即细胞质不育型和核质互作不育型。瓣化型雄性不育株生殖生长期间植株较可育株矮，分枝性弱，花期也相对较长。单花序开放时间要比可育株长5～6天，而且同级间亦有差异，整株花序可持续开放40～45天。单花序开放后2～3天内是人工授粉的最佳时期。花有4种类型，染色体数为2n＝2x＝18。研究表明，产量性状的杂种优势是普遍的，40～80％组合还存在超高亲优势。父本性状的一般配合力方差大于母本性状的一般配合力方差和组合的特殊配合力方差；根重、根粗性状在遗传中表现出较高的超中亲现象。 本试验的研究可为今后进一步开展雄性不育胡萝卜育种提供依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Although the first carrot hybrid was released using male sterile line by the Vegetable Research Institute of Inner Mongolia Academy, carrot breeding progress was nearly 30 years behind developed countries. The new variety selection also is limited largely by the unclear of the mechanisms of male sterile in carrot. The objectives of the study were not only to breed new hybrid using the male sterile techniques of carrot, but also to study on the heredity of principal yield traits, heterosis and combination capacities. The further investigations and studies were carried out on the male sterile heredity, growth (mainly reproductive stage) characteristics, and morphological and chromosome characters.Results showed: There are two types of genetic heredity of male sterile in carrot, cytoplasmic and nuclear-cytoplasm interactive. Plants of male sterile were dwarf, weak in branching and longer in flowering period compared to normal fertile plants. The flowering time of sterile plants was 5 to 6 day longer for a florescence than that of fertile plants and 40 to 50 days flowering duration was required for individual plant. Optimal time for hand pollination was within 2 to 3 days after flower opening. There were four types of florescence and 2n=18 chromosomes. Heterosis was expressed generally as high yield and 40-80 % combinations were superior to parental lines. The general combination capacity and specific combination capacity for a combination of the trait of male parents was higher than female parents. Carrot root mass and diameter were superior to mean traits of parents in heredity. This researsh can offer supportment to the further studying of Male Sterile carrot breeding in the future.更多还原