【作者】 马永锋；

【导师】 魏连雨；

【作者基本信息】 河北工业大学 ， 结构工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 公路管理是保障公路畅通的重要手段，采取高效的管理手段有其必要性，故开发公路网地理信息系统(Highway Network Geographic Information System，HNGIS)是大势所趋。公路网GIS为应用型系统，多基于GIS平台软件开发，为保证其运行的稳定性和可靠性，其数据组织方法就成为关键问题。同时，最优路径查询作为公路网GIS重要的社会服务拓展功能之一，有其巨大的社会应用意义。本文系统的研究了适合于公路网GIS的数据组织方法，同时，对公路网多目标最优出行路径问题也给予了深入的研究： (1)通过对两种常用的GIS数据模型(矢量数据模型、栅格数据模型)及对公路网络特征的分析，设计了公路网GIS的逻辑数据模型，给出了基于矢量方法的空间数据存储结构。系统分析了公路网空间实体集以及它们之间的关系，提出了公路网GIS数据的具体组织方法，其中涉及到信息图层空间划分、公路网GIS数据编码、数据库的设计等内容：提出采用动态分段(Dynamic Segmentation)技术来解决固定空间要素与海量属性数据的关联和互操作问题，为研究开发完全功能的公路网GIS打下了良好的基础。 (2)系统分析了公路网交通出行特点，对公路网最优路径搜寻的相关问题给予了说明；分析了用户出行决策影响因素，确定了出行路径选择目标为最短时间、最小费用、舒适安全；构建了路段路阻综合评价指标体系，并对所涉及指标、模型进行了深入的研究；提出了用户参与决策的综合评价思路及解决方法，给出了对参评定性、定量化指标进行标准化处理的方法，并且采用层次分析法进行综合评价，以得到路段路阻的综合定量化评价值；利用路段路阻综合评价值，将多目标最优出行路径的选择问题转化成了最短路径问题，并对Dijkstra算法给予了必要的分析。 (3)在前述理论基础上，以ArcInfo8.3为平台，开发了天津市地理信息系统，包括公路网养护管理GIS，公路网多目标最优出行路径搜索系统，验证了本文所述理论的可行性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Highway Network Geographic Information System (HNGIS) is an applied system, most of which are developed based on GIS platform software. Data organization method is the key to ensure its operation stability and dependability. The inquire function for the optimal route, as one of the important community service expanding functions of HNGIS, has large application meaning for the society. This paper supplies systematic research on data organization method which is suitable for HNGIS, at the same time studies deeply on the optimization of transit route with many goals in highway network.(1)Based on the systematic analysis on the spatial data model and the spatial data structure, through study on two kinds of commonly used GIS data models: raster data model, vector data model and the characteristics of highway network, the paper plans the logistic data model of HNGIS, and proposed the spatial data storing structure based on vector method. This paper develops the particular data organization method of HNGIS. Dynamic Segmentation technology is used to resolve the mutual operation problem between fixed spatial element and abundant attribute data, thus favorable foundation is formed to develop HNGIS with full functions.(2)This paper systematically analyzes the characteristics of traffic transit in highway network, explains the relative problems about inquire for the optimal route in highway network. It analyzes the factors affecting users making choice, determines the choice object of transit route: integrated evaluation system of link impedance is formed. It puts forward synthesis evaluation thought and solution that the user participates in the decision-making, gives the method that can standardizes the evaluation index, and appraise synthetically using AHP, as the result we can get the integrated evaluation value of the link impedance. And then give necessary analysis on Dijkstra arithmetic.(3)On the basis of aforesaid theory, using ArcInfo8.3 as platform, this paper develops TianJin HNGIS, actualizes the basal functions of HNGIS and the inquire function of the optima] route, thus verifies the feasibility of the theory that this paper states.更多还原