【作者】 刘睿；

【导师】 朱能；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 随着社会的发展，城市化进程的加速，城市热岛现象日益突出。同时，人们对城市居住环境的要求也有了提高。本文通过在天津部分城区的不同下垫面结构上设置温度自记仪，进行气温的定点观测，获取了以及天津市气象局大量的气温实测数据资料基础上，同时，根据地表面换热情况建立了地表面一维热收支能量平衡模型，并运用这一模型编制了城市气温的模拟程序，进行城市气温和地表面各热量分量的模拟计算。通过对气温实测值和模拟值的比较分析，得到对气温模拟值的修正方法，使得模拟数据更能接近于实际情况下的气温值。影响城市热岛效应的因素有很多，下垫面因素是其中一个重要的而且可以人为控制的因素，更是人们为了改善城市热岛效应而要首先考虑的因素之一。本文根据不同下垫面类型反映出的三个主要影响因素：反射率α、动量粗糙度 z0、下垫面蒸发率 w，以及它们的三种水平状态：稀少、中等、稠密，运用正交设计分析方法，得到了影响日平均气温的主要因素是下垫面蒸发率 w。并且，在此基础上，提出了一种基于下垫面蒸发率 w 计算城市热岛强度Δtu-r的简便方法，并由此来评价城市热岛情况。通过这一研究，对城市热岛强度与下垫面结构的不同因素之间的关系有了进一步的了解，为城市规划设计提供了一定的数据支持，为今后的城市热岛的研究提供了方向，更为评价城市热岛效应的研究提供了建设性的建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the quick development of Chinese economy, the size of cities in China is growingrapidly. Urban heat island phenomenon has become an obvious problem in our urbanenvironment. In order to obtain the actual air temperature in different land use ofurban regions, six fixed points of automatic recording thermometer were held inTianjin. And it was also established a one-dimensional heat budget model on theearth’s surface to simulate the fluctuation of the air temperature and the change of thedifferent heat budgets. In this paper, some measures to solve the air temperaturedifference between the actual value and the simulating one were adopted. It is wellknown that there are many factors that can influence the urban heat island and theunderlaying surface is one of the most important ones. There are three factors thatresponse the properties of the underlaying surface: albedo α, roughness length z0 andevaporative ratio w, and the evaporative ratio w is the most important one havinganalyzed by the quadrature method. So, a new method to calculating the urban heatisland intensity Δtu-r according to the evaporative ratio w was obtained. In conclusion, thisstudy makes us know the relation of the urban heat island intensity and the man-madeunderlaying surface, and it can supply basis information for the urban planning. It isvery important that it have supplied some useful advice on a method to evaluate theurban heat island.更多还原