【作者】 柏婧；

【导师】 朱能；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 供热、供燃气、通风与空调工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 由于光化学烟雾污染的出现，国外有关学者从上个世纪 70 年代初开始，就对各种类型建筑室内外空气中臭氧浓度的关系作了大量的研究。然而在国内（除香港外），就在臭氧污染水平日益加剧的今天，针对室内臭氧污染的研究课题却仍是鲜为人知的。本课题的目的就在于填补这一空白，为人们减少不必要的臭氧暴露，提高室内空气品质提供有效的参考。本课题的研究内容主要包括两部分：一是考察室内外臭氧浓度的变化规律以及室内外臭氧浓度的比值，通过使用紫外吸收式臭氧分析仪对典型建筑的室内外臭氧浓度进行连续监测来实现。调查对象包括：2 间办公室、1 间民居卧室、2 间学校教室以及 1 间药厂洁净室。监测结果表明室内臭氧浓度在一天中的变化与室外臭氧浓度类似。在晴或晴间多云的天气，臭氧浓度在上午逐渐升高，在中午或下午达到最高点后逐渐下降。最高时均值在 14:00~16:00 时段出现频率最高。在对 1 间办公室和 1 间中学教室的监测中观察到了明显的室内臭氧浓度峰值比室外滞后的现象，滞后时间分别 4 小时和 1小时。被调查对象的平均臭氧 I/O 比在 9.5%~84.5%的范围内，与换气次数有较密切的关系。本课题的另外一个主要部分是定量研究室内污染源之一——静电过滤器的臭氧发生率及其影响因素。通过在不锈钢风道实验台上，对某厂生产的过滤器样本在不同的电晕极形状、电压、风量水平组合下的臭氧发生量进行测量获得。实验测得静电过滤器样本的臭氧发生率范围为 10.6~225.6mg/m3，并通过方差分析，确定电晕极电压和电晕极形状为影响静电过滤器臭氧发生率的主要因素。在其它条件相同时，随电晕极电压升高臭氧发生率增大，电晕极形状为板状的静电过滤器比电晕极形状为线状的有更高的臭氧发生率。另外，本课题还考察了温度和室内气流状况对臭氧在室内表面衰减的影响，结果表明室内气流状况对臭氧在室内表面上的衰减影响很大，而小范围的温度波动对臭氧在室内表面上的衰减影响不大。除此之外，本课题还从理论上对减小室内空气臭氧浓度的可能途径进行了探讨，以期为人们减少臭氧暴露提供有力参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the pollution of Photochemical smog arose, a large amount of research, whichfocused on the relationship between indoor and outdoor ozone concentrations, havebeen carried out by foreign researchers since the early 1970s, whereas few researcheson such topics has been found in our nation except for Hong Kong. The object of thisthesis is to bridge the gap of knowledge and provide a reference for people who wantto avoid personal ozone exposure and improve indoor air quality. There are two mainparts in this thesis. The first one is to monitor the changes of indoor and outdoorozone concentrations and investigate the indoor-outdoor ozone concentration ratio.Using ultraviolet adsorption method, we have carried out consecutive measurementon some representative buildings, which include two office rooms, one residentialbedroom, two classrooms in a middle school and one cleanroom in a Pharmaceuticalmanufactory. The results of the investigation indicate that the change of indoor ozonelevels is similar to that of outdoor. On cloudless days the ozone levels tend to rise inthe morning, to be highest at noon or in the afternoon and then decline. Ozoneconcentrations most likely peak during 14:00-16:00 pm. Lags between peaks ofoutdoor concentrations and subsequent indoor peaks have been observed during theinvestigation. The respective lag time is 4 hours for an office and 1 hour for aclassroom. The average indoor values were 9.5 to 84.5 percent of those outdoors, andare closely related to air exchange rates. Another objective of this thesis is to find outthe main factors influencing the ozone emission rate of electrostatic air filters. Byusing a stainless steel test plenum, we have measured the ozone emission rates underdifferent voltage levels, air flow rates, and figurations of corona electrode. Themeasured ozone emission rates are 10.6-225.6 mg/m3. The voltage level andfiguration of corona electrode are found to be the main factors influencing ozoneemissions. The higher the voltage of corona electrode is, the more ozone will beproduced if other factors remain invariable. Filters with a flat corona electrode tend toproduce more ozone than those with a wire corona electrode. In addition, theinfluence of temperature and the air flow pattern on ozone deposition on indoorsurfaces has been checked in the present study. The results suggest that the air flowpattern affects the ozone deposition rate greatly, while a small change of temperaturewould not be so important. Furthermore, this thesis also discussed the methodseffective for reducing indoor ozone concentrations from the point view of theory.更多还原