【作者】 侯圣智；

【导师】 牛占文；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 机械制造及其自动化， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 海洋温差能是一种可再生的清洁能源，与以电能为动力的水下机器人相比，温差能驱动的自治式水下机器人具有活动范围广、航行时间长、下潜深度深等特点，具有广阔的发展前景。温差能驱动装置是一种将热能转换为机械能的装置。本文研究了温差能驱动装置的循环过程，从热力学的角度分析了它的热循环机理，给出了装置热效率的估算方法。针对装置中存在的不可逆过程，建立了不可逆卡诺热机模型以及基本优化公式，对于驱动装置的结构优化和效率的提高具有理论指导意义。温差能驱动装置中的热传导问题，是影响装置功率的关键因素。本文根据装置中热传导的特点，建立了求解相变传热的数学模型，介绍了两种求解相变热传导的方法，即焓法和热阻法。研究温差能驱动装置的关键问题是工质材料的选择。本文在对多种材料进行分析的基础上，首次采用了具有温敏特性的相变材料十六号水凝胶作为温差能驱动装置的工质材料，通过对材料特性参数的测定，验证了材料的可行性。本文研制出以十六号水凝胶作为工质材料的温差能驱动装置的试验样机，试验结果表明，该材料基本满足驱动装置的特性要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ocean’s temperature difference energy is a kind of reproducible and clean energy. Compared with underwater vehicles, which is driven by electricity, AUV (Autonomous Underwater Vehicle) by temperature difference energy has wider range, longer voyage and deeper submergence. It will have more expansive foreground.Drive-device depending on Ocean’s temperature difference energy can transform heat energy to mechanical energy. This thesis investigates the circulation processes of the drive-device, analyses the principle of heat circulation processes and shows the way to estimate the device’s thermal efficiency. The model of irreversible Carnot heat engine and optimum formula being set up according to irreversible processes in the device, that has guide significance in academics on optimizing structure of drive-device and improving efficiency.Heat conduction in drive-device depending on temperature difference energy is the key factor to affect the power of drive-device. According to the features of heat conduction, the mathematics model on phase change heat conduction is set up, two kinds of methods to solve phase change heat conduction is introduced, and one is enthalpy method, the other is heat-resistance method.The key problem in learning drive-device depending on temperature difference energy is to choose working medium. This device adopts No.16 hydrogel as working medium which is a kind of temperature?sensitive?PCM (Phase Change Material).The material’s feasibility is proved by measuring material’s characteristic parameters.The model machine of drive-device depending on temperature difference energy is developed, which adopts No.16 hydrogel as working material. Depending on the model machine, the experimental results show that the material could meet the characteristic request of drive-device.更多还原