【作者】 吴文涛；

【导师】 杨建江；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 结构工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本文着重介绍了国外规范和我国砌体结构设计规范控制温度裂缝措施，指出了我国规范相对国外规范裂缝控制措施的不足之处，在建筑结构温度裂缝进行了详细分类基础上，进一步分析了砖混结构温度裂缝控制原则。总结了各种温度应力的计算方法，利用有限元非线性分析法，以一建筑物为基础采用不同模型对砌体建筑温度裂缝进行计算，得出结论：在温度应力作用下，砌体建筑顶层端部开间墙体水平剪应力最大；在端部开间窗洞口，形成“八字形”裂缝；顶层端部开间层间位移最大。影响温度裂缝的主要因素：温差、开洞率、构造柱的设置和建筑物总长。随温差的升高、总长的增加、开洞率的增大，顶层端部墙体的水平剪应力增加，温度裂缝加剧；增设构造柱，可降低墙体的水平位移，提高墙体的抗裂能力。纵墙承重时外纵墙开裂性提高是由于砌体截面的垂直压应力对砌体抗剪强度的提高。刚性屋面比柔性屋面引起的墙体温度应力大，墙体开裂更严重。通过某建筑物温度裂缝的勘测，在建筑物沉降稳定后进行了如下加固：屋面保温层的修缮、耕缝加筋法和注浆法加固墙体。通过有限元计算分析，提出温度裂缝的有效预防措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this dissertation, the comparison between the measures against temperature cracks of foreign codes and the measures of the Code for Design of Masonry Structures in China are made. Then the limitation of the latter is presented. The cracks of buildings are classified in detail. On this basis, the principals of temperature crack control of the masonry buildings are analyzed. Based on a wide variety of methods used for computing the temperature stress, the nonlinear finite element method is adopted. Through analyzing different models of a masonry building, the following conclusions can be made: On the influence of temperature stress, the horizontal shear stress is maximal on the wall of end bay of the top story; The splay cracks are produced on the aperture of end bay of the top story; The interlayer displacement of end bay of the top story is maximal. The factors influencing temperature cracks are temperature difference, the ratio of aperture, the installation of tectonic columns, and the longitudinal length of the entire masonry building. Accompanying the rising of temperature difference, the expansion of longitudinal length of the entire masonry building, the augmentation of aperture ratio, and the horizontal shear stress on the end wall of the top story is increased, the cracks become broader, longer and their number is added. Installing the tectonic columns can decrease the horizontal displacement of walls and enhance their resistance to crack. The resistance of outer longitudinal walls to crack is enhanced when they are bearing walls, because the vertical compression stress acted on cross-sections of walls increases their resistance to shear. The rigid roofing can lead to larger temperature stress and more serious crack of walls than the flexible roofing.Through surveying the temperature cracks of a masonry building, the walls are enhanced by grouting method, repairing the insulating layer of roofing, and strengthening the walls with steel bars. At last, the effective tectonic measures are come up with to prevent the temperature cracks.更多还原