【作者】 刘学军；

【导师】 万健如；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 随着自动控制理论的发展和单片机、工业控制机的相继开发和应用，使得计算机控制系统获得迅猛发展，其应用领域越来越广泛。鉴于目前中小型水电站控制质量差，运行效率低下等现状，大量的小型水电站控制设备老化，急需更新换代。本课题依托贵州丰富的水利水电资源，对小水电站的发电机和水轮机采用计算机控制，并进行实时监控。在水电站中，水轮机调速器是十分重要的设备，它直接关系到电站生产电能的质量。水轮机调节系统是一个典型的高阶、时变、非最小相位系统，而且又是一个参数随工况点改变而变化的非线性系统，为确保其能够稳定、安全、高效的工作，设计并试改进水轮机的计算机控制策略显得尤为重要。采用模糊控制策略结构简单，且具有一定的鲁棒性。仿真实验表明，系统的动态和静态特性有较大的改善，是一种有效的控制策略。本课题对小水电站的发电机、水轮机的计算机控制、监控进行分析、设计。并对控制系统的结构和特点进行了阐述。集散型控制系统在现代控制系统得到广泛应用，论文首先介绍了集散型控制系统的基本结构和特点，然后提出了水电站计算机控制系统的结构和总体方案。整个系统为一个分层分布式集散控制系统，主要由主控层及现场控制单元构成，可实现对水电站设备的保护、测量、控制及信息远传等功能，实现无人值班。论文就水电站中水轮机调速器的控制策略进行了详细介绍，重点讨论了水轮机的模糊控制及实现方法，并采用MATLAB的SIMULINK软件进行了仿真实验。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of automatic control theory and with the gradual progress and application of SCM, industrial controller, the computer control system has been much more widely used and promoted. It is urgent to renew the control equipment of hydroelectric power stations of medium and small scale due to their poor performance in the quality and the efficiency at present. This paper plans to monitor and control the generators and hydraulic turbine relying on the abundant hydroelectric resources in Guizhou Privince.In hydraulic power stations, speed governor of the hydraulic turbines is of great importance and is directly related to the quality of electric energy production. Hydraulic turbine adaptive system is a typical one with high rank, time-varying, non-minimum phase; moreover, it is a nonlinear system whose parameters vary with operating conditions. It is vital to design and advance the computer control strategies of hydraulic turbines to ensure their stability, security and efficiency. The control strategy with fuzzy has a simple structure and robustness. Simulation tests indicate that it can improve the static and dynamic state characteristics and is reliable.This paper discusses the design of the computer control and monitor of generators and hydraulic turbines in small hydroelectric power stations, with the illumination on the structure and characteristics of control system. Aggregation-distribution control system is widely used in modern control systems. First the basic structure and characteristics of aggregation-distribution control system are introduced, and then the structure of computer control system in hydraulic power stations and the general plans are described. Entire system is a stratified, distributed aggregation-distribution control system, which is mainly made of the main control layer and the on-site control unit. It can realize the functions such as equipment protecting, measuring, controlling and message-passing etc., thus unmanned watch is feasible. This paper introduces the control strategies of governor in hydraulic turbines. It also emphasizes on the fuzzy control of hydro turbine and the method of fulfillment; moreover it has been simulated by SIMULINK of MATLAB software package.更多还原