【作者】 陈栩茜；

【导师】 张积家；

【作者基本信息】 华南师范大学 ， 基础心理学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 以听觉形式呈现的词的语音、语义激活过程是认知心理学家和心理语言学家关注的焦点问题。近期的研究主要关注对歧义词和非歧义词的理解，并出现两种假设：(1)全部通达假设；(2)句子背景依赖性假设。本研究考察了以听觉形式呈现的中文词的语音、语义激活过程。采用缺失声母的中文双字词为材料，考察这两种假设在中文词听觉识别过程中存在的可能性，同时考察对缺失声母字词识别的语音激活进程。本研究共包含4个实验：实验1使用Rapp，David等人2002提出的生态化研究范式，从宏观上考察可能影响缺失声母的中文双字词语音、语义激活的因素；实验2考察了在词的理解的早期阶段，提取时是否存在句子背景性效应；实验3考察了同一语音是否能够激活多个与之语音相近的语义结点；实验4考察了在词汇提取的后期阶段是否存在着语音的激活作用。研究结果表明：(1)在一定语义背景下，人们对缺失声母词的识别受词的语音及其语义背景的影响；(2)对缺失声母词的识别符合依赖语义背景提取的假设；(3)词的语音能同时激活多个与之语音相近的语义结点，这种语音作用在ISI=400ms时处于较低水平；(4)词结束1000ms时，语音存在着二次激活；(5)与完整的歧义词或非歧义词的识别过程不同，被试对缺失声母词识别的后期阶段，除语义背景依赖性效应外，同时存在明显的语音作用。两者交互作用完成目标词的语音修复。更多还原

【Abstract】 The phonological and semantic activation of auditory words is focused bypsycholinguists for a long time. Recent researches focused on ambiguous words and unambiguous words. Two hypotheses occur: exhaustive access and context-dependency. In this paper, words without initial syllable were used as target words to address when and how does the semantic context affect its interpretation. Four experiments is included: In Exp 1, the factors that influenced the comprehension of the auditory words were probed into via the method used by Rapp, David N. et al., 2002; In Exp 2 and 3, the context-dependency and the exhaustive access in the early phase of the comprehension is addressed; In Exp 4, the phonological activation is focused again in the later phase of the comprehension process. The results show that target words will be influenced by exhaustive access, which will activate several similar words in a very short time, and guided by the context, at the beginning, within 400ms. In addition, phonology will be activated twice, which different from the results done before, and the target words will be renovated by the guide from the interaction between semantic activation and the second phonological activation.更多还原