【作者】 张荣安；

【导师】 胡建东； 余泳昌；

【作者基本信息】 河南农业大学 ， 农业机械化工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 测土施肥技术是实现农业生产结构调整和精准农业的首要措施，它关系到我国农业生产是否能实现可持续发展。长期以来，由于缺乏适宜于农民可操作的施肥指导系统而使测土施肥技术未能发挥作用。随着信息技术和微电子技术的发展，以嵌入式计算机技术为核心的PDA技术已经广泛应用到许多领域。PDA的操作系统一般有Windows CE和Palm OS两种，为了使施肥通PDA具有易开发、价格低、支持软件多和简单易用等条件，我们选择基于Palm OS平台开发测土施肥通PDA。对于Palm OS操作系统，可以使用C++和C两种程序语言作为开发工具。由于Palm OS本身是从C语言的应用程序接口发展来的，所以使用C语言来设计应用程序是最佳选择，与使用C++开发相比，用C语言编写的Palm OS的应用程序开销最小，所以选择使用C语言开发施肥通程序。施肥通PDA系统由七大模块组成，即小麦施肥专家系统、玉米施肥专家系统、水稻施肥专家系统、油菜施肥专家系统、棉花施肥专家系统、烟草施肥专家系统、辅助模块和扩展模块等。由于设计了作物施肥指导系统的扩展功能，用户根据提示在文本框中输入该作物的专家知识数据库，就可以得到新的作物的施肥专家指导系统。分别将土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾等的养分数据、土壤养分系数和氮、磷、钾肥料输入到PDA的数据输入框中，专家施肥指导系统通过调用这些数据，就可以给出所选择的化肥的建议施肥方案。 在这篇论文中介绍了PDA技术在农业施肥专家系统中的应用；在对PDA的种类、结构组成以及发展趋势的分析基础上提出了基于PDA技术的农业施肥专家系统的设计方案；编写了基于PDA的农业施肥专家系统程序。在程序的编写过程中，采用了计算机数值计算方法和模块化程序设计的编程技巧，使程序变得简洁，程序模块层次分明，效率更高，易于进行程序的维护。由于对种植的不同作物和所在地区进行选择而提供施肥指导方案，解决了在施肥过程出现的不能科学的、合理的施肥问题，使得肥料利用的效率大大提高。更多还原

【Abstract】 Fertilizer recommendation technology is a mainly approach to realize the structural adjustment of agricultural production and precision agriculture, moreover, it concerns the agricultural production of our country whether or not to realize sustainable developing long time ago, fertilizer recommendation technology fails to make it available due to the lack of a fertilizer recommendation system suited for farmers. With the developing of information technology and microelectric technique, PDA technology, as a core of the embedded computer technology, has already been applied to lots of fields extensively. There are two operating systems for PDA, such as Windows CE and Palm OS. In order to make the PDA-based fertilizer expert systemdevelop easily, low price, more supported softwares and operate simply, we decide to choose PDA based on Palm OS to develop the PDA-based fertilizer expert system. For Palm OS operating system, we may use C ++ and C procedure language to develope it. Since Palm OS itself comes from application procedure interface of C language, the C language is the best one to design application procedure. Compared to use C ++ language, the application procedure of Palm OS compiled by C language saves time and energy; the developing cost is inexpensive too. So we choose C language to develop the procedure of PDA-based fertilizer expert system finally. The PDA-based fertilizer expert system comprises of seven major modules, included fertilizer expert system for wheat, cotton, rice, tobacco, corn, rape, information search system and expansion system etc. A expansion function of fertilizer expert system has been designed and embedded in PDA, according to the prompt on PDA windows, A user can input expert knowledge database of crop, so you canobtain a new crop fertilizer expert system. Operator inputs the datum of soil nutritions, inculded the content of organic matter, total N, available N, available P and available K, nutrient coefficients and type of fertilizers. PDA can provide the fertilizer scheme. According to the chosen type of fertilizer.The paper introduces that PDA technology applies in the agricultural fertilizer expert system. After analyzing the type and structure of PDA, and analyzing of developing trend of PDA, we make the plan of design for the PDA-based agricultural fertilizer expert system. Then we compile the program of the PDA-based agricultural fertilizer expert system. During the compiling of the procedure, we have used the computerized simulating methods and modularizing programmable technique in order to make the structure of program simply, well arranged and high efficiency, so it is easy to maintain the procedure. Beasuse the PDA expert system can distinguish the different crops and areas located for planting, and offer the scheme of fertilizer recommendation by it, it has solved the big problem that farmer can not scientific and rational apply fertilizer for a long time in planting. After using this system, the efficiency of fertilizer has been improved greatly.更多还原