【作者】 姜令军；

【导师】 高羽飞；

【作者基本信息】 西安建筑科技大学 ， 市政工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 建筑消防是建筑给排水工程设计中最重要的部分，目前在我国室内消火栓灭火系统又是建筑消防最基本、普遍采用的方式。长期以来，习惯环状管网管径按枝状管网计算，管径偏大，造成浪费。 本论文在介绍消火栓系统的组成、特点的基础上，分析研究总结了消火栓系统的给水方式。以竖向分区和分区采用得的关键设备将给水方式分成了10种基本形式，讨论了每种形式的性能，在实际工程中可根据建筑物结构的不同进行组合和扩展。此外，对存有争议的稳高压给水系统，分析了将该系统从临时高压给水系统中单独分出的可能性和必要性，给出了稳高压给水系统的给水方式。 讨论了消防过程中环状管网中的水流状态。认为某一点着火后，不仅是计算管路有水流通过，其他管路也有水流经过，消火栓环状管网的管径应通过计算确定。在此基础上，针对建筑物同时着火点只有一处而消火栓系统只有一处出水的情况下环状管网的水流特点，提出了一种新的环状管网的水力计算方法，利用有限单元法建立数学模型。该方法在计算水头损失、管段流量、消火栓节点压力等方面比传统方法要更加准确，也可被借鉴到室内或室外的给水管网计算，并优于常见的哈代-克罗斯管网平差方法。编制了计算程序，为工程设计提供了一个计算准确、使用方便的计算软件。 通过对工程实例的计算结果分析表明，在按理论计算时，环状消火栓给水系统管道管径小于规范最小管径要求，建议《建筑设计防火规范》和《高层民用建筑设计防火规范》采用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Fire protection of buildings is the most important of buildings water supply and drainage engineering design. Fire hydrant system is the basic and extensively adopted technique of buildings fire protection at present in our country. We have been used to calculate the diameter of ringed piping according to ramiform piping, then it result in the bigger diameter and wasting of investment.This paper studied and summarized the water supply mode based on the research of characteristic and constitution of fire hydrant system. The paper gave 10 basic modes of water supply according to vertical division block and the key equipment in the block division, and it also discuss the performance of every mode. The modes can be expanded and fit together in the practice of engineering according to the difference of buildings’ construction. Besides, the paper analyzed the disputing system of steady high pressure water supply, and pointed out the possibility and necessity of classifying this system out from temporary high pressure and constant high pressure water supply system, and listed modes of steady high pressure water supply system.This paper discussed the modality of ringed piping in the procedure of fire fighting. It figured out that there was flow of water not only in the calculated pipeline but also in other pipelines and that diameters of hydrant ringed piping should be ensured after calculation. On this base, the paper gave a new way of hydraulic calculation according to the ringed hydrant piping characteristic that there is one region of fire at same time and there is one sprinkle region of hydrant system in the buildings. This method used FEM to build mathematic model. It is more accurate than traditional method at the aspect of calculating head loss, pipe flow and node pressure of hydrant. This mathematic model can also be used in the inside and outside of water supply piping calculation and It is excel Hardy Cross-piping calculation. A calculation program is made and an accurate convenient software is offered to engineering design.Analyzed the outcome of an engineering practice calculation, the diameters value calculated in theory of hydrant ringed piping is less than the value of manual. So it is recommended that the conclusion should be accepted by <<Code for fire protection design of buildings>> and <<Code for fire protection design of tall buildings>> .更多还原