【作者】 张明宏；

【导师】 刘晓君；

【作者基本信息】 西安建筑科技大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 人类活动的管理方法始终处于不断借鉴和发展之中，有的是源于生物活动规律，如著名的“懒蚂蚁”原理，有的是自然现象的启示，如经济活动中的“摩擦效应”等。虽然不同的研究对象属于不同的学科领域，但其理论内涵却有着惊人的共性，那么这些理论就会在不同领域中指导我们的实践活动，甚至成为一门独立的学科，即我们通常所说的“交叉学科”。 本文涉及的熵理论源于热力学，但目前该理论的研究和应用几乎遍及所有自然科学和社会科学。本文主要试图把熵理论应用于建筑工程的管理决策之中，从一个新的角度对项目决策风险进行研究。首先文章介绍了熵及熵理论，这是理解文章的关键。在这一部分中，除了对熵的概念和理论的介绍外，作者将光学中的“测不准原理”和熵理论结合，独立地提出了“不确定原则”。随后，结合作者的工作实践，探讨了建筑工程项目管理活动中，各个环节的熵及其影响。由于熵理论在建筑工程的应用研究还处于空白状态，这一部分多是定性分析和介绍。最后，介绍了熵的计算及其在建筑项目投资风险评价中的应用，并举例说明。 一个理论在一个新的领域的应用研究，必然要通过许多人的努力，不断完善，不断改进，以求达到科学应用，最大限度地降低其熵值；但是由于基熵的存在，理论与实际情况永远不可能完全吻合，这一点毋庸置疑。更多还原

【Abstract】 The managerial approaches of human activities are always under progress of reference and development: some come from the rule of biological activities, such as the famous theory of "Lazy Ant"; some are suggested by the natural phenomena, for example, "Friction Effect" in the economy field. Though different subjects researched are in different branches, incredible commonness is found in their connotation. The theories could instruct our practice in different fields, and even grow into independent branches, which is so-called "Interdisciplinary".The "Entropy Theory" stated hereby stems from thermodynamics, whose research and application at present cover almost all the natural science and the social science. The author, trying to employ "Entropy Theory" to the management decision of constructional engineering, would like to carry a study of risks on project decision-making with another point of view. At the start of the thesis, "Entropy" and "Entropy Theory" are separately introduced - core of the passage. Apart from introduction of the concept and theory of entropy, the author puts forward "Non-Confirmation Principle" by combining "Measurement Non-Accuracy Theory" of optics and "Entropy Theory". Then, all entropy and relative effects in all processes through the management of constructional engineering are discussed in detail, in reference to the author’s practice. Since the application research of "Entropy Theory" in constructional engineering is little for the moment, the passage mainly makes the qualitative analysis and introduction. And in the end, the calculation and application in evaluating investment risk on constructional engineering are stated, together with illustrated examples.Actually, the application research of a theory in a new field requires continuous efforts, progressive promotion for somewhat perfect, and the endeavor to lower the entropy value to the maximum; however, it should be aware that the theory will by no means in exact conformity with the facts, due to the existence of base entropy!更多还原