【作者】 谢和平；

【导师】 金奇庭； 王利平；

【作者基本信息】 西安建筑科技大学 ， 环境工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 论文针对稀土冶炼废水中氨氮去除进行了实验研究，考察了稀土冶炼中湿法冶炼的两种类型酸法冶金和碱法冶金的工艺流程。结合冶炼工艺流程，进一步地研究了稀土冶炼废水产生的途径、稀土冶炼废水的种类、稀土冶炼废水中氨氮对环境造成的污染，以及国内外对稀土冶炼废水的治理现状。研究结果表明：氨氮是稀土冶炼废水中的主要污染物之一，含量很高。针对稀土冶炼废水中氨氮浓度大的现状，综合比较各种氨氮的检测处理技术，提出采用滴定法检测冶炼废水中氨氮含量，选择化学沉淀法和离子（沸石）交换法两个阶段联合处理冶炼废水中的氨氮。实验过程中，检测出氯氨废水中氨氮含量为13031.4 mg／L，通过氨氮模拟水样的处理实验，分别确定了化学沉淀法、离子交换法除氨氮的影响因素。 化学沉淀法除氨氮的影响因素主要是PH值、反应时间t、反应温度T以及进水氨氮浓度C₀。当控制因素为：PH=9.0、t=1.0h、Mg∶N∶P=1.3：1.0：1.1、C₀=500～10000mg／L，得出：去除率η=60～90％。在得出最佳控制条件后，原水废水在此条件下，通过三次这样的连续处理，氨氮含量由原来的13031.4mg／L→2006.8mg／L→563.9mg／L→220.5mg／L，为第二处理阶段沸石离子交换法处理创造了条件。离子交换法除氨氮的影响因素主要是反应时间t、PH、反应温度T、进水氨氮浓度C₀。当控制因素为：t=1.0h、PH=9.0、T=20℃、C₀=100～300mg／L、得出：去除率η=80～95％。经化学沉淀法处理的上清液出水，在各最佳控制条件下，利用离子（沸石）交换法经过一次处理，上清液出水氨氮含量由220.5mg／L下降到19.7mg／L。稀土冶炼氨氮废水经过化学沉淀法与离子交换法两个阶段的联合处理，处理结果符合理论计算，氨氮达到排放标准。更多还原

【Abstract】 This is according to the subject : Rare Earth is smelted waste waterto study remove ammonia nitrogen , and inspected the process flow of sour lawmetallurgy and alkali law metallurgy of rare Earth the two kinds of types thatthe wet law is smelted in smelting. Combine smelts the process flow. studied thatrare Earth smelts the way and rare Earth that the waste water the give rise tokind smelted waste water and rare Earth is smelted the pollution that ammonianitrogen created in the waste water to the environment , as well as the homeand abroad smelts the administering present situation of waste water to rareEarth further. Studying the result indicate : Ammonia nitrogen is one of majorpollutant that Rare Earth is smelted in the waste water , and content is veryhigh . Be directed against big present situation of rare Earth consistency smeltedin the waste water ammonia nitrogen , checkout handle technology of fairly morevarious ammonia nitrogen of synthesis , and puts forward to use to titrate thatthe law checkout smelts in the waste water ammonia nitrogen content , and selectchemistry means of sediment and ion ( zeolite ) exchange law jointly to dealwith to smelt ammonia nitrogen in the waste water in two stages . In the experimentcourse , the checkout goes out in the chlorine ammonia waste water ammonianitrogen content to serve as 13031.4 mg/l by way of ammonia nitrogen imitateswater kind the handle experiment , defined the chemistry means of sediment andion exchange law influence factor remove ammonia nitrogen respectively .The chemistry means of sediment chiefly are PH value remove the influence factor of ammonia nitrogen and reaction time t , reaction temperature T as well as intakes ammonia nitrogen consistency C0 .The factor is when controlling : PH=9. 0 , t=1.0h and Mg : N : P=1. 3: 1. 0: 1. 1 and the C0=500-10000mg/l and yield= 60-90% . Primary water waste water is under this condition after reaching the optimum control condition , and by way of three such continuouss processing , ammonia nitrogen content is by original 13031.4 mg/1-2006. 8 mg/1-563. 9 mg/l-220.5 mg/1 serve as second handle stage zeolite ion exchange law condition deal with the create. The ion exchange law chiefly is reaction time t , PH ,reaction temperature T remove the influence factor of ammonia nitrogen and intakes ammonia nitrogen consistency C0. The factor is when controlling : T=1.0h , PH=9. 0 and T = 20 , C0=100-300mg/l and yield n= 80鈥?5% . Through the chemistry means of sediment deals with goes up clearly liquid appears above water , and utilization ion ( zeolite ) exchange law is passed and is once deal with under each optimum control condition , upward clearly the liquid appears above water , and ammonia nitrogen content descends to 19. 7mg/l by 220.5 mg/l. Rare Earth is smelted chlorine ammonia waste water as a result of the jointly handle of in two stages chemistry means of sediment and ion exchange law , and the handle result fits theory calculation , and ammonia nitrogen achieves the placing in proper order standard .更多还原