【作者】 曲艳斌；

【导师】 肖忠良；

【作者基本信息】 华北工学院 ， 应用化学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本文介绍了一种汽车安全气囊用气体发生剂的研制过程。此种气体发生剂是一种凝胶体，它以硝酸羟胺（HAN）作为主氧化剂，以硝酸铵(AN )作为辅助氧化剂，水作为溶剂，并选择一种高分子凝胶剂，通过凝胶化使氧化剂水溶液成为具有一定形状的胶体，要求选择的高分子凝胶剂具有一定数目的碳原子，同时作为可燃剂，本实验选择的高分子凝胶剂为聚乙烯醇（PVA）。在确定基础配方的前提下，通过实验探讨了制备凝胶的工艺条件（时间、温度）；通过控制体系的水含量来进一步优化配方；以零氧平衡为原则确定配方；用密闭爆发器实验评价了不同配方样品的燃烧性能，并通过密闭爆发器实验结果确定最佳配方；用60L压力舱试验去检验此种配方是否具有应用于汽车安全气囊的可行性。经过实验，结果表明此种气体发生剂具有较快的燃烧速度，较大的产气量，燃气的气相色谱也表明其燃气相对洁净，因此可以满足汽车安全气囊的基本要求。HAN气体发生剂以液态氧化剂为原料，是一种新型的气体发生剂，其各项性能优良，目前在国内气体发生剂的研制领域还属首创，它的研制为液态氧化剂应用于气体发生剂提供了一些思路，并为研究凝胶气体发生剂在气体发生器中的燃烧特性提供了一些有价值的基础数据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The paper introduces a gas generating agent for automobile safety airbag. This gas generating material is a solid solution which comprises of a water soluble liquid and a hydrophilic gelling agent. It regards hydroxylammonium nitrate (HAN) as the main oxidant and ammonium nitrate(AN ) as the second oxidant . And water is regarded as the solvent. The preferred gelling agent is Polyvinyl acetate which comprises carbon atoms in an effective amount to function as a fuel with the liquid oxidizer .The preparation of the gel with fixed shape by means of gel test has been introduced and the influence factors of the technique process(time, temperature) of the gel preparation have been discussed. The prescription is choused and filled through controlling the content of water of the system; The prescription is determined and filled through zero- oxygen -balance; Based on the closed bomb test, the combustion characteristics of different samples are studied and the prescription bestly is defined; The feasibility analysis is carried on though 60L pressure tank. The results of above-mentioned experiments show that the higher burning rates and the larger volume product of this kind of gas generating agent can meet the requirements of automobile safety airbag. Gas chromatography shows the gas product is clean relatively. This is a new type of gas-generating agent, which the oxidizer is a kind of liquid oxidizer. This gas-generating gent has fine characteristic. And the research of this kind of gas generating gent is an innovation in domestic field. This study can offer some thought of the application of liquid oxidizer for gas generating agent，which may serve as a basis or reference for further study on calculation and design of gas generator .更多还原