【作者】 李如江；

【导师】 刘天生；

【作者基本信息】 华北工学院 ， 武器系统与运用工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本文通过华北工学院6#教学楼的爆破拆除实践,以建筑物当承重构件失去支撑能力后在本身的重力作用下,会产生倾覆力矩,从而使建筑物或构筑物倒塌或坍塌,在倒塌或坍塌过程中解体破坏这一原理所涉及两个关键问题（一是整个建筑物失稳倾倒的条件；二是破坏承重构件的手段）为主线，主要针对如何实现砖混建筑物楼房顺利坍塌的主要影响因素诸如承重墙的预处理等因素进行分析，并得出了一些有应用价值的结论。借助有限元软件对预处理后的砖混建筑物承重墙进行了计算模拟，分析了受力分布情况，在确保得到最大爆破经济效益的前提下，并考虑应力效应、承重墙的高厚比、偏心矩、机械震动效应以及风载荷等影响因素，提出了承重墙爆破拆除预处理的最优曲线方程，对预处理后结构稳定系数进行了优化计算。此外还分析了爆破拆除实践中常见的椭圆形和矩形缺口模型，提出了相应的承重墙爆破拆除预处理的计算方程，为工程实践提供了一定的理论基础。在分析现有爆破网路的优缺点的基础上，结合爆破器材的各种参数，建立了并串联电爆网路的准爆验算方程，对之进行了优化计算；设计了一种新的串-并-串联爆破网路，提出了电-非电网路可靠性计算公式。计算和实践表明，此种网路的可靠性有保证，对工程实践具有重要的实际指导意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 d. TheWhen the supporting members of construction lose the capability of bearing, the construction will generates overturning moment by the gravitation of itself, which will make it collapse, and disintegrates in this process, and this is named as the gravity action theory, which includes two key questions that one is the conditions of buckling and collapsing and the other is the failure method of the supporting members. In this paper, by the practice of NO.6 teaching building demolition with blasting in NCIT, the main factors that affect how to succeed in demolishing brick-concrete structure building such as pretreatment of bearing wall and firing circuit are deep studied, and some practical conclusions are drawn.The calculation and simulation of the blasting pretreatment of bearing wall is done with the finite element software, and the stress distribution is analyzed. In the premise of acquiring the maximal profit, the factors such as the stress effect, the ratio of height and thickness, the effect of linear eccentricity and mechanical vibration and the wind load are considere arch shape curve formula and the optimum stability coefficient value of blasting pretreatment of bearing wall are provided. The common model of elliptical and rectangular shape in blasting practice is analyzed, and the corresponding calculation equations are referred, providing fundamental basis for the blasting practice.On the basis of the present merit and defect of firing circuit analyzed, the check formula on exact explosion of the parallel-series connection is provided according to the parameters of blasting supplies and optimized with <WP=6>calculation. A new series-parallel-series firing circuit is designed, and a reliability formula of the electric and non-electric circuit is presented. The reliability of the circuit can be ensured through calculation and practice and has important applied value.更多还原